concerning any one

audĭo, īvi or ii, itum, 4, v. a. ( imperf. audibat, Ov F. 3, 507: audibant. Cat. 84, 8; fut. audibo, Enn. ap. Non. p. 506, 1:

audibis,

id. ib.; Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 86; id. Poen. 1, 2, 97; Caecil. ap. Gell. 7, 17 fin.; id. ap. Non. l. l.; cf. Struve, p. 137 sq.: audin = audisne, as ain = aisne; inf. perf. audīsse better than audivisse, acc. to Quint. 1, 6, 17) (cf. the Lacon. aus = hous; auris; Lith. ausis; Goth. auso; Germ. Ohr, and Engl ears [p. 202] the Fr. ouïr, and Lat. ausculto; Curtius also compares the Gr. aïô, to hear, perceive, and the Sanscr. av, to notice, to favor; v. ausculto, 1. aveo init., and cf. Varr. L. L. 6, § 83 Müll.], to hear, to perceive or understand by hearing, to learn (audio pr. differs from ausculto as the Gr. akouô from akroaomai, the Germ. hören from horchen, and the Engl. to hear from to listen, the former of these words denoting an involuntary, the latter a voluntary act; other syn.: exaudio, sentio, cognosco, oboedio, dicor).

A.. In gen.

Aliquid:

auribus si parum audies terito cum vino brassicam, etc.,

Cato, R. R. 157 fin.:

ubi molarum strepitum audibis maximum, Enn. ap. Non. l. l. (Com. v. 7 Vahl. p. 153): verba,

Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 97; Vulg. Gen. 24, 30:

quae vera audivi, taceo,

Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 23:

Mane, non dum audīsti, Demea, Quod est gravissumum,

id. Ad. 3, 4, 21:

vocem,

id. Hec. 4, 1, 2:

vera an falsa,

id. And. 5, 4, 19:

mixtos vagitibus aegris Ploratus,

Lucr. 2, 579:

voces,

Verg. A. 4, 439; Hor. C. 3, 7, 22; Vulg. Gen. 3, 8; ib. Matt. 2, 18:

strepitus,

Verg. A. 9, 394:

sonitum,

Hor. C. 2, 1, 31:

haec,

id. ib. 3, 27, 51:

aquas,

Ov. Am. 3, 11, 30:

gemitus,

id. M. 7, 839; Vulg. Exod. 2, 24: ait se omnia audivisse, Titinn. ap. Macr. S. 2, 12:

ut quod te audīsse dicis numquam audieris,

Cic. de Or. 2, 70, 285:

Nihil enim habeo praeter auditum,

id. Off. 1, 10, 33:

quod quisque eorum de quāque re audierit,

Caes. B. G. 4, 5:

Hac auditā pugnā maxima pars sese Crasso dedidit,

id. ib. 3, 27:

Auditis hostium copiis respicerent suum ipsi exercitum,

Liv. 42, 52, 10:

quod cum audīsset Abram,

Vulg. Gen. 14, 14:

auditis sermonibus,

ib. 4 Reg. 22, 19; ib. Heb. 4, 3: clangorem tubae, ib:

Isa. 18, 3: symphoniam,

ib. Luc. 15, 25:

animal,

ib. Apoc. 6, 3; 6, 5 al. persaep.

Constr., the person from whom one hears or learns any thing, with ex (so most freq.), ab, de, acc. and part., acc. and inf., cum or dum.

With ex:

verbum ex aliquo,

Ter. Heaut. 5, 4, 8; so id. And. 2, 1, 2; 5, 4, 24; id. Eun. 1, 2, 34; id. Hec. 4, 1, 35; id. And. 3, 3, 2:

audivi ex majoribus natu hoc idem fuisse in P. Scipione Nasicā,

Cic. Off. 1, 30, 109:

hoc ex aliis,

id. Att. 5, 17:

ex obviis,

Liv. 28, 26; so Suet. Caes. 29; id. Dom. 12 al.. saepe audivi ex majoribus natu mirari solitum C. Fabricium etc., Cic. Sen. 13, 43; so Suet. Claud. 15.—

With ab:

a quibus cum audi/sset non multum superesse munitionis,

Nep. Them. 7, 2.—

With de:

equidem saepe hoc audivi de patre et de socero meo,

i. e. from his mouth, Cic. de Or. 3, 33, 133; so id. Off. 3, 19, 77; id. Brut. 26, 100.—

With acc. and part. pres. (cf. Zumpt, Gr. §

636): ut neque eum querentem quisquam audierit neque etc.,

Nep. Timol. 4, 1; so Suet. Calig. 22; Cat. 9, 6; 61, 125; 67, 41 al.—

With acc. and inf.:

mihi non credo, quom illaec autumare illum audio,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 260:

Audin (eum) lapidem quaeritare?

id. Capt. 3, 4, 70:

erilem filium ejus duxisse audio Uxorem,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 1, 5; 2, 1, 59:

saepe hoc majores natu dicere audivi,

Cic. Mur. 28:

Gellius audierat patruom objurgare solere,

Cat. 74, 1; Verg. A. 1, 20; 4, 562:

audiet cives acuisse ferrum, Audiet pugnas juventus,

Hor. C. 1, 2, 21 sq.:

audire videor pios Errare per lucos,

id. ib. 3, 4, 5. —Hence also pass. with nom. and inf. (cf. Zumpt, Gr. §

607): Bibulus nondum audiebatur esse in Syriā,

was said, Cic. Att. 5, 18; so Caes. B. G. 7, 79.—

With cum or dum (cf. Zumpt, Gr. §

749): id quidem saepe ex eo audivi, cum diceret sibi certum esse,

Cic. de Or. 2, 33, 144:

quis umquam audivit, cum ego de me nisi coactus ac necessario dicerem?

id. Dom. 35; so id. Brut. 56; id. Fin. 5, 19, 54; id. de Or. 1, 28, 129; 1, 2, 99; Plin. Ep. 7, 24, 5:

auditus est certe, dum ex eo quaerit,

Suet. Dom. 4. —Diff. from the preced. constr. with de is audire de aliquo (aliquid); more freq. in pass. sense, to hear any thing concerning any one:

de psaltriā hac audivit,

Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 5:

illos etiam convenire aveo, de quibus audivi et legi,

Cic. Sen. 23, 83; so id. Att. 7, 20; id. Ac. 2, 2, 4; cf.:

aliquid in aliquem,

to hear something against, something bad of any one, id. de Or. 2, 70, 285 al. —

In conversation.

Audi, as a call to gain attention, hear, attend, give ear, listen, = hoc age:

audi cetera,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 127:

audi heus tu,

id. ib. 4, 3, 52:

Dorio, audi, obsecro,

Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 1: Hoc audi, id. And. 3, 4, 11;

4, 1, 36: Quin tu audi,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 42:

quin tu hoc audi,

Ter. And. 2, 2, 9.—

Audis or audin = audisne? do you hear? atque audin? Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 70:

Equidem deciens dixi: Et domi [nunc] sum ego, inquam, ecquid audis?

id. Am. 2, 1, 27; id. Trin. 3, 2, 91:

Heus, audin quid ait? Quin fugis?

id. Capt. 3, 4, 60:

cura adversandum atque audin? quadrupedem constringito,

Ter. And. 5, 2, 24; 1, 5, 64:

Audin tu? Hic furti se adligat,

id. Eun. 4, 7, 39:

Audin quid dicam?

id. Hec. 1, 2, 3.—

Audito, with a clause for its subject, as abl. absol. in the histt., upon the receipt of the news that, at the tidings that: audito, Q. Marcium in Ciliciam tendere, when news came that Q. Marcius etc., Sall. H. Fragm. ap. Prisc. p. 1130 P.:

audito Machanidam famā adventūs sui territum refugisse Lacedaemonem,

Liv. 28, 7:

audito venisse missu Agrippinae nuntium Agerinum,

Tac. A. 14, 7.—

Esp.,

1.. In a pregnant signif., to listen to a person or thing, to give ear to, hearken to, attend:

etsi a vobis sic audior, ut numquam benignius neque attentius quemquam auditum putem,

Cic. Clu. 23, 63; so id. de Or. 1, 61, 259:

sed non eis animis audiebantur, qui doceri possent,

Liv. 42, 48; 1, 32; 5, 6:

ut legationes audiret cubans,

Suet. Vesp. 24; id. Caes. 32; id. Ner. 22; 23; Vulg. Job. 11, 2; ib. Psa. 33, 12; ib. Matt. 10, 14; ib. Heb. 3, 7 al.—

Aliquem, of pupils, to hear a teacher, i. e. to receive instruction from, to study under:

te, Marce fili, annum jam audientem Cratippum,

Cic. Off. 1, 1, 1:

Jam Polemonem audiverant adsidue Zeno et Arcesilas,

id. Ac. 1, 9, 34; so id. N. D. 1, 14, 37; 3, 1, 2; id. Fat. 2, 4:

Diogenes venientem eum, ut se extra ordinem audiret, non admiserat,

Suet. Tib. 32; id. Gram. 10, 20 al.— Absol.: possumne aliquid audire? (i. e. will you communicate something to me?) tu vero, inquam, vel audire vel dicere, Cic. Fat. 2, 3:

ponere aliquid, ad quod audiam, volo,

id. ib. 2, 4.—

De aliquā re or aliquid, aliquem, of judges, to listen or hearken to, to examine:

nemo illorum judicum clarissimis viris accusantibus audiendum sibi de ambitu putavit,

Cic. Fl. 39, 98:

de capite,

Sen. Ben. 2, 12 al. — Trop.:

de pace,

Liv. 27, 30:

dolos,

Verg. A. 6, 567:

nequissimum servum,

Suet. Dom. 11; so id. Aug. 93; id. Tib. 73; id. Claud. 15; id. Dom. 14; 16; Dig. 11, 3, 14 fin.; 28, 6, 10; 39, 2, 18 et saep.—

Of prayer or entreaty, to hear, listen to, lend an ear to, regard, grant:

in quo di immortales meas preces audiverunt,

Cic. Pis. 19:

Curio ubi... neque cohortationes suas neque preces audiri intellegit,

Caes. B. C. 2, 42:

velut si sensisset auditas preces,

Liv. 1, 12:

audivit orationem eorum,

Vulg. Psa. 105, 44:

audisti verba oris mei,

ib. ib. 137, 1:

Audiat aversā non meus aure deus,

Tib. 3, 3, 28:

audiit et caeli Genitor de parte serenā Intonuit laevum,

Verg. A. 9, 630:

minus audientem carmina Vestam,

Hor. C. 1, 2, 27; 4, 13, 1:

audivit Dominus,

Vulg. Psa. 29, 11 al. —Also aliquem, to hear one, to grant his desire or prayer:

puellas ter vocata audis,

Hor. C. 3, 22, 3; so id. C. S. 34; 35:

Ferreus orantem nequiquam, janitor, audis,

Ov. Am. 1, 6, 27; id. M. 8, 598 al.:

Audi nos, domine,

Vulg. Gen. 23, 6; 23, 8:

semper me audis,

ib. Joan. 11, 42.—

Aliquem, aliquid, or absol. audio, to hear a person or thing with approbation, to assent to, agree with, approve, grant, allow:

nec Homerum audio, qui Ganymeden ab dis raptum ait, etc.,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 65:

Socratem audio dicentem cibi condimentum esse famem, sed qui ad voluptatem omnia referens vivit ut Gallonius, non audio,

id. Fin. 2, 28, 90; id. de Or. 1, 15, 68; 3, 28, 83; id. Marcell. 8, 25: audio ( I grant it, well, that I agree to, that is granted):

nunc dicis aliquid, quod ad rem pertineat,

id. Rosc. Am. 18 fin.; id. Verr. 2, 2, 59; 2, 5, 27:

non audio,

that I do not grant, id. ib. 2, 3, 34.—

To hear, to listen to, to obey, heed; orig. and class. only with acc., but also with dat.—

With acc.:

tecum loquere, te adhibe in consilium, te audi, tibi obtempera,

Cic. Fam. 2, 7, 2; id. N. D. 1, 20, 55:

ne ego sapientiam istam, quamvis sit erudita, non audiam,

id. Phil. 13, 3, 6:

si me audiatis, priusquam dedantur, etc.,

Liv. 9, 9:

Non, si me satis audias, Speres etc.,

Hor. C.1, 13, 13; 4, 14, 50; id. Ep. 1, 1, 48:

patris aut matris imperium,

Vulg. Deut. 21, 18 al. — Poet. transf. to inanimate things:

neque audit currus habenas,

heeds, Verg. G. 1, 514; so Claud. Cons. Mall. Theod. 187 (cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 15, 13: equi frenato est auris in ore; and Pind. Pyth. 2, 21: harmata peisichalina):

nec minus incerta (sagitta) est, nec quae magis audiat arcum,

which better heeds the bow, Ov. M. 5, 382:

teque languenti manu Non audit arcus?

Sen. Herc. Oet. 980; so Stat. Th. 5, 412; Luc. 3, 594; 9, 931; Sil. 14, 392.—

With dat.: nam istis qui linguam avium intellegunt, magis audiendum censeo, Pac. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 57, 131 (B. and K. isti):

sibi audire,

App. Mag. p. 326, 34; so, dicto audientem esse, to listen to one's word, to be obedient to one's word, to obey (not in Ter.):

dicto sum audiens,

I obey, Plaut. Pers. 3, 1, 71; id. Trin. 4, 3, 55; id. As. 3, 1, 40; id. Men. 2, 3, 89:

qui dicto audientes in tantā re non fuisset,

Cic. Deiot. 8, 23 ' sunt illi quidem dicto audientes, id. Verr. 1, 88:

quos dicto audientes jussi,

id. ib. 5, 104.—And, on account of the signif. to obey, with a second personal dat.: dicto audientem esse alicui, to obey one (freq. and class.); cf.

Stallb. ad Rudd. Gr. II. p. 124, n. 38: vilicus domino dicto audiens sit,

Cato, R. R. 142: si habes, qui te audiat;

si potest tibi dicto audiens esse quisquam,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 44; 2, 4. 12; 2, 5, 32; id. Phil. 7, 2:

dicto audiens fuit jussis absentium magistratuum,

Nep. Ages. 4, 2; id. Lys. 1, 2; id. Iphicr. 2, 1:

interim Servio Tullio jubere populum dicto audientem esse,

Liv. 1, 41; 4, 26; 29, 20;

41, 10 al.—Once pleon. with oboedio: ne plebs nobis dicto audiens atque oboediens sit,

Liv. 5, 3.—

To hear thus and thus, i. e. to be named or styled somehow (as in Gr. akouô; and in Engl. to hear, as Milton: Or hear'st thou rather pure ethereal stream, P. L. III. 7); and with bene or male (as in Gr. kalôs or kakôs akouein; cf. Milton: For which Britain hears ill abroad, Areop.; and Spenser: If old Aveugles sonnes so evil hear, F. Q. I. 5, 23), to be in good or bad repute, to be praised or blamed, to have a good or bad character:

benedictis si certāsset, audīsset bene (Bene audire est bene dici, laudari, Don.),

Ter. Phorm. prol. 20:

tu recte vivis, si curas esse quod audis,

Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 17:

rexque paterque Audisti coram,

id. ib. 1, 7, 38; so id. S. 2, 6, 20; Ter. Hec. 4, 2, 24; id. Phorm. 2, 3, 12; Cic. Att. 6, 1; id. Fin. 3, 17, 57; id. Leg. 1, 19; Nep. Dion, 7, 3:

Ille, qui jejunus a quibusdam et aridus habetur, non aliter ab ipsis inimicis male audire quam nimiis floribus et ingenii afluentia potuit,

Quint. 12, 10, 13 al. —In a play upon words: erat surdaster M. Crassus;

sed aliud molestius quod male audiebat,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 40, 116; so,

minus commode: quod illorum culpā se minus commode audire arbitrarentur,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 58.—

As it were to hear, to hear mentally, i. e. to understand, to supply, something (later subaudio): cum subtractum verbum aliquod satis ex ceteris intellegitur, ut, stupere gaudio Graecus. Simul enim auditur coepit, is understood, is to be supplied, Quint. 9, 3, 58; 8, 5, 12.—Hence, audĭens, entis, P. a. subst.

(Acc. to II. A.) A hearer, auditor ( = auditor, q. v., or qui audit, Cic. Brut. 80, 276)' ad animos audientium permovendos, Cic. Brut. 23, 89; 80, 279:

cum adsensu audientium egit,

Liv. 21, 10 al. —Hence, in eccl. Lat., a catechumen, Tert. Poen. 6.—

(Acc. to II. C.) With the gen.: tibi servio atque audiens sum imperii, a hearer of, i. e. obedient to, your command, Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 25.

scrībo, psi, ptum, 3 ( perf. sync. scripsti, Plaut. As. 4, 1, 57: scripstis, Enn. ap. Non. 153, 28, or Trag. v. 239 Vahl.; inf. scripse, Aus. Sept. Sap. Lud. 1; cf. 2. dico init.), v. a. [root skrabh-, to dig; whence, Gr. graphô; Lat. scrobis, scrofa; cf. Germ. schreiben], prop., to scratch, grave, engrave with a sharp point; hence,

In gen.

Lit., to write, draw, or otherwise make lines, letters, figures, etc. (cf. scalpo):

in libro cum scribuntur calamo litterae,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 131; cf. id. Bacch. 4, 4, 76 sq.:

litteras, tabellas,

id. Ps. 1, 1, 28:

(littera M) etiamsi scribitur, tamen parum exprimitur,

Quint. 9, 4, 40; cf. id. 1, 7, 28:

nostri praeceptores cervum servumque u et o litteris scripserunt,

id. 1, 7, 26; cf. id. 1, 7, 4; 1, 7, 20; 1, 7, 30; 12, 10, 28;

12, 10, 30: terra in augurum libris scripta cum r uno,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 21 Müll.:

hic carmen mediā scribe columnā,

Prop. 4 (5), 7, 83; cf.:

scribitur vestris Cynthia corticibus,

id. 1, 18, 22; Ov. M. 9, 527; Luc. 2, 343:

in aquā,

Cat. 68, 4; cf.

also: fac lapis his scriptus stet super ossa notis: hic jacet, etc.,

Tib. 1, 3, 54 (but the better reading is inscriptis):

scribere decore,

to write a good hand, Amm. 30, 9, 4:

erat scriptum ipsius manu,

Cic. Cat. 3, 5, 10:

suā manu scripsit,

Liv. 37, 10.—Of drawing, etc.:

si quis fugitivo stigmata scripserit,

has branded a runaway, Quint. 7, 4, 14; cf.: charaxat ambas ungulis scribentibus genas, Prud. steph. 10, 557:

totius vobis Frontem tabernae scipionibus scribam,

Cat. 37, 10:

(Diodotus Stoicus) geometriae munus tuebatur, verbis praecipiens discentibus, unde, quo quamque lineam scriberent,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 39, 113:

ut formam (porticus) secundum rationem loci scribas,

draw, design, Plin. Ep. 9, 39, 5; Stat. S. 1, 3, 9:

quae Attalicis variata per artem Aulaeis scribuntur acu,

i. e. are embroidered, Sil. 14, 660:

scripto radiat Germanicus auro, i. e. sculpto,

Juv. 6, 205; cf. Mart. 11, 5, 3.—

Trop.: memor essem? etiam nunc mihi Scripta illa dicta sunt in animo Chrysidis De Glycerio, graven, imprinted (syn.:

inscripta, insculpta),

Ter. And. 1, 5, 48:

arva sanguineo scribit rutilantia gyro,

Stat. Th. 11, 514.—

In partic., with the accessory idea of intellectual action, of written composition of every kind, to write, write down, compose, describe, depict; to draw up, communicate, announce in writing (syn.: compono, perscribo).

With acc.:

quoniam de re publicā multa quaesierint et scripserint,

Cic. Rep. 1, 7, 12:

Cn. Aufidius praetorius (caecus) Graecam scribebat historiam,

id. Tusc. 5, 38, 112; so,

historiam,

id. de Or. 2, 12, 51; id. Brut. 75, 262:

bellum,

Liv. 21, 1:

res gestas,

Hor. A. P. 74; id. Ep. 1, 3, 7 al.:

librum de rebus rusticis,

Cic. Sen. 15, 54:

scripsi etiam versibus tres libros de temporibus meis,

id. Fam. 1, 9, 23:

in Catone Majore, qui est scriptus ad te de senectute,

id. Lael. 1, 4:

carmen in aliquem,

id. de Or. 2, 86, 352:

Furius defensionem causae suae scripsit,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 43, § 112; cf. Quint. 2, 15, 29:

libellos,

Ov. Tr. 5, 12, 61; id. P. 4, 13, 19:

notas,

id. ib. 3, 2, 90:

Diphilus Hanc (fabulam) Graece scripsit,

Plaut. Cas. prol. 33; Ter. Heaut. prol. 43; id. Hec. prol. 6 (cf. also infra, d):

versus,

Lucr. 1, 24; Hor. S. 1, 9, 23; 1, 10, 60:

carmina,

id. ib. 2, 5, 74; id. Ep. 1, 19, 3:

poëmata,

id. ib. 2, 2, 66 et saep.; cf.: scripsere alii rem Versibus, Enn. ap. Cic. Brut. 19, 76 (Ann. v. 221 Vahl.):

formam et situm agri alicui,

to describe, Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 4 et saep.—Of written communications, letters, etc.:

epistulis tuis perdiligenter scriptis,

Cic. Att. 1, 11, 1; cf. Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 4, 1:

haec scripsi properans,

Cic. Att. 2, 19, 5:

litteras, quas ad Pompeium scripsi, tibi misi,

id. ib. 3, 9, 3:

litterae extemplo Romam scriptae,

Liv. 41, 16:

plura ad te scribam, si, etc.,

Cic. Att. 11, 10, 3:

scriberem ad te de hoc plura, si Romae esses,

id. ib. 6, 4, 11:

haec ad te scripsi verbosius,

id. Fam. 7, 3, 5:

scriptā jam epistulā superiore,

id. ib. 1, 9, 26:

non quo haberem, quod tibi scriberem,

id. Att. 4, 4, a:

epistulam,

Plin. Ep. 7, 9, 8 et saep.:

scribere salutem,

to send a greeting, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 77; cf.:

laudes atque gratias populo Romano,

Gell. 3, 8, 5.—With a personal object:

nullos habeo scriptos (homines), memini tamen,

written down, Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 48:

per eum Marium, quem scripsissem,

Cic. Att. 12, 49, 1: quis Martem digne scripserit aut...Merionem aut...Tydiden? who could depict, represent, etc., Hor. C. 1, 6, 14; id. S. 2, 1, 16; cf. in the pass.:

scriberis Vario fortis et hostium Victor,

id. C. 1, 6, 1.—With two acc.: cum auctor pugnae se A. Cornelium Cossum consulem scripserit, subscribed himself, declared himself in the inscription to be, Liv. 4, 20, 11.—

With object-clause:

in foribus scribat occupatum esse se,

Plaut. As. 4, 1, 15:

ut Africanum avum meum scribit Cato solitum esse dicere,

Cic. Rep. 1, 17, 27; id. Att. 1, 8, 1; cf.:

Romae quod scribis sileri, ita putabam,

id. ib. 2, 13, 2:

quod ad te scripseram me in Epiro futurum,

id. ib. 3, 13, 1:

Graeceius ad me scripsit, C. Cassium sibi scripsisse, homines comparari, qui, etc.,

id. ib. 15, 8, 2:

Cicero quodam loco scribit, id esse optimum, etc.,

Quint. 11, 1, 92:

post paulo scribit, sibi millia quinque Esse domi chlamydum,

Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 43 et saep.—In pass., with nom. or acc.:

eadem haec avis scribitur conchis se solere complere, etc.,

Cic. N. D. 2, 49, 125: scribitur nobis, magnam veteranorum multitudinem Romam convenisse jam, etc., Brut. et Cass. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 2, 1:

scriptum est item, quaesivisse (Socratem), quid esset,

Cic. Div. 1, 54, 123.—

With rel.-clause:

nec scribis, quam ad diem te exspectemus,

Cic. Att. 3, 7, 1:

scribe aliquando ad nos, quid agas,

id. Fam. 7, 12, 2:

ad me Valerius scripsit... quem ad modum ducta esses, etc.,

id. ib. 14, 2, 2.—

Absol.:

quo (Platone) nemo in scribendo praestantior fuit,

Cic. Rep. 2, 11, 21; cf. id. ib. 3, 8, 13:

Demophilus scripsit, Marcus vortit barbare,

Plaut. As. prol. 11; id. Trin. prol. 19:

poëta quom primum ad scribendum animum appulit,

Ter. And. prol. 1; id. Heaut. prol. 7:

sumite materiem vestris, qui scribitis, aequam Viribus,

Hor. A. P. 38:

sic raro scribis, ut toto non quater anno Membranam poscas,

id. S. 2, 3, 1 et saep.:

Samiae, ut ibi (i. e. in oratione) scribit Laelius, capedines,

Cic. Rep. 6, 2, 11; cf. id. ib. 1, 16, 25:

ut, quemadmodum scribit ille, cottidiano, etc.,

id. ib. 6, 2, 8:

denique non video de tot scribentibus unum,

Ov. Tr. 2, 495.—So freq. of written communications, letters; usually with ad aliquem (less freq. alicui) or de aliquā re:

tv si, ut scribis, Kal. Jun. Romā profectus es, etc.,

Cic. Att. 3, 9, 3:

ego te, ut scribis, cito videbo,

id. ib. 3, 27:

nihil habeo, quod ad te scribam, scribo tamen, non ut te delectem, etc.,

id. ib. 14, 12, 3:

senatusconsultum si erit factum, scribes ad me,

id. ib. 5, 4, 2; cf.:

scripsi etiam ad Camillum, ad Lamiam,

id. ib. 5, 8, 3:

in quā (epistulā) de agro Campano scribis,

id. ib. 2, 16, 11:

ut nuper me scis scripsisse ad te de Varronis erga me officio, etc.,

id. ib. 2, 25, 1; cf.:

Hermae tui Pentelici, de quibus ad me scripsisti,

id. ib. 1, 8, 2; 1, 9, 2 et saep.— With ut, ne, etc.:

velim domum ad te scribas, ut mihi tui libri pateant,

Cic. Att. 4, 14, 1:

ad me scriberet, ut in Italiam quam primum venirem,

id. ib. 11, 7, 2; 5, 11, 6.— With dat.:

consules Fulvio, ut ex Falisco, Postumio, ut ex Vaticano exercitum ad Clusium admoveant, scribunt,

Liv. 10, 27; 42, 27; Tac. A. 1, 29.—With ne:

Scipioni scribendum, ne bellum remitteret,

Liv. 30, 23.—With simple subj.:

scribit Labieno, si rei publicae commodo facere posset, cum legione ad fines Nerviorum veniat,

Caes. B. G. 5, 46 fin. —In Tac. also, with inf.:

scribitur tetrarchis ac regibus, jussis Corbulonis obsequi,

Tac. A. 15, 25 fin. —In eccl. Lat. as a formula of quotation from the Scriptures:

scriptum est,

i. e. it is said in Holy Writ, Vulg. Matt. 4, 4; id. Luc. 19, 46; id. Rom. 11, 8 et saep.—

Publicists', milit., jurid., and business t. t., of written plans, drafts, and other writings of various import.

Publicists' t. t., to draw up, draught a law, decree, treaty, etc.:

quod proditum memoria est, X. viros, qui leges scripserint, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 2, 31, 54; so,

leges,

id. ib. 2, 36, 61; 2, 10, 18; id. Rosc. Am. 25, 70; id. de Or. 1, 19, 86; id. Inv. 1, 38, 68 al.; cf.

in a transf. signif.: cui non apparet, inopiam et miseriam civitatis istam legem scripsisse, etc.,

Liv. 34, 6 fin.; and:

testamentum, quod pietas, fides, pudor scripsit,

Plin. Ep. 8, 18, 7:

haec senatusconsulta non ignoro ab amicissimis ejus, cujus de honore agitur, scribi solere,

Cic. Fam. 15, 6, 2.—So very freq.: senatusconsulto scribendo, or simply scribendo adesse, or also, ad scribendum esse, to witness the drawing up of a decree of the Senate; to subscribe it: erat nobis dictum, te existimare, alicui senatusconsulto, quod contra dignitatem tuam fieret, scribendo Lamiam [p. 1648] affuisse, qui omnino consulibus illis numquam fuit ad scribendum, Cic. Fam. 12, 29, 2 Orell. N. cr.; cf.: senatusconsulta scribuntur apud familiarem meum (i. e. Caesarem). Et quidem cum in mentem venit (Caesari), ponor ad scribendum (i. e. he adds my signature to it), id. ib. 9, 15, 4:

quod me esse ad scribendum vides,

id. Att. 1, 19, 9; id. Fam. 9, 15, 3: S. C. auctoritas. Pridie Kal. Octob. in aede Apollinis scrib. affuerunt L. Domitius, etc., an official formula ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 5 sq. (v. assum):

Boeotorum gentem numquam ad scribendum amicitiae foedus adduci potuisse,

to make, enter into, conclude, Liv. 42, 12.—

Milit. t. t.: scribere milites (legiones, supplementum, etc.), to enlist, enroll, levy:

milites,

Sall. J. 43, 3:

legiones,

id. C. 32, 1:

exercitui supplementum,

id. J. 39, 2:

supplementum legionibus,

Cic. Fam. 3, 3, 1; Liv. 8, 8:

exercitum,

id. 4, 43; 9, 8; 9, 19:

equites,

id. 10, 25; 21, 40; 35, 20:

socios navales,

id. 37, 2; so, too: sex milia colonorum Albam in Aequos, to enroll for the purpose of sending, to send, id. 10, 1:

socios scribere in urbem,

id. 4, 11, 4.—

Poet., transf.:

scribe tui gregis hunc,

enroll him among your retinue, Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 13.—

Jurid. and business t. t.: dicam scribere (alicui), like dikên graphein tini, to bring an action in writing against any one (v. dica); of a lawyer, to draw up legal instruments (complaints or charges, contracts, wills, etc.):

Servius hanc urbanam militiam respondendi, scribendi, cavendi secutus est,

Cic. Mur. 9, 19; id. Fam. 7, 14 Manut.; cf. id. Leg. 1, 4, 14:

omnia testamenta tu scribes unus,

id. de Or. 2, 6, 24; Dig. 28, 2, 25.—Hence, transf., with a personal object: aliquem heredem, to appoint or designate any one as heir:

testamentum palam fecerat et illum heredem et me scripserat,

Cic. Mil. 18, 48; cf.:

in testamento Ptolemaei patris heredes erant scripti, etc.,

Caes. B. C. 3, 108:

quem Micipsa testamento secundum heredem scripsit,

Sall. J. 65, 1; Auct. B. Alex. 33; Plin. Pan. 43, 1 sq.; Tac. A. 14, 31; Hor. S. 2, 5, 48; Juv. 3, 161; 9, 87:

aliquem coheredem,

Tac. Agr. 43 fin.:

aliquem exheredem,

to disinherit any one by will, Dig. 37, 4, 8, §§

1 and 6: aliquem tutorem liberis suis,

to appoint as guardian by will, Cic. Clu. 14, 41:

libertatem servo,

to bequeath to a slave his freedom, Dig. 29, 2, 71.—Of contracts, notes, drafts, etc.:

pulchre scripsti: scitum syngraphum!

Plaut. As. 4, 1, 57: nummos, usuras, etc. (alicui), to give a note or bond for:

scribit nummos,

id. ib. 2, 4, 34:

sibi creditam pecuniam,

Dig. 26, 7, 9, § 7:

genero usuras praestandas quasi ex dotis promissione,

ib. 4, 4, 17:

lecta est cautio hujusmodi: Lutius Titius scripsi, me accepisse a Publio Maevio quindecim mutua numerata mihi de domo, etc.,

ib. 12, 1, 40: scribe decem (tabulas) a Nerio, give ten notes or bonds drawn up by the usurer Nerius, Hor. S. 2, 3, 69. scriptos expendere nummos, v. l. ap. Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 105 (Hold. cautos); cf. rescribo.—Hence, scriptum, i, n., something written, viz.,

(Acc. to I.) A line; so only: duodecim scripta, a game played with colored stones (calculi) on a draught-board marked into spaces by twelve oblique lines: tibi concedo, quod in duodecim scriptis olim, ut calculum reducas, si te alicujus dati poenitet, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 170, 30; cf.:

in lusu duodecim scriptorum cum prior calculum promovisset essetque victus, etc.,

Quint. 11, 2, 38;

v. also scriptula, and Becker, Gall. 3, pp. 261 and 264 sq.: duodecim scriptis ludere,

Cic. de Or. 1, 50, 217.—

(Acc. to II.) A written composition, writing, treatise, book, work, etc. (most freq. in plur.):

ex scripto et sententiā controversia nascitur cum videtur scriptoris voluntas cum scripto ipso dissentire,

the writing, the written expression, Auct. Her. 1, 11, 19:

incredibile dictu est, quam multi Graeci de harum valvarum pulchritudine scriptum reliquerunt,

have left something written concerning it, speak of it in their writings, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 56, § 124; so Quint. 6, 1, 7; cf. in plur., Cic. Rep. 1, 22, 36:

quod a Democrito et Platone in scriptis relictum esse dicunt,

id. de Or. 2, 46, 194:

utinam exstarent illa carmina, quae multis saeculis ante suam aetatem in epulis esse cantata, in Originibus scriptum reliquit Cato!

id. Brut. 19, 75: ut ipsis scriptis non ea mandaremus, id. Off. 2, 1, 3:

in quo libro scriptum hoc invenitur,

Quint. 1, 1, 15:

Hortensius erat memoriā tantā, ut quae secum commentatus esset, ea sine scripto verbis eisdem redderet, quibus cogitavisset,

without notes, Cic. Brut. 88, 301; cf. on the contrary: de scripto dicere, to speak or read from a written paper:

recitetur oratio, quae propter rei magnitudinem dicta de scripto est,

id. Planc. 30, 74; id. Phil. 10, 2, 5; id. Brut. 12, 46; id. Att. 4, 3, 3; id. Fam. 10, 13, 1:

laudavit pater scripto meo,

in a speech composed by me, id. Q. Fr. 3, 8, 5:

adire aliquem scripto,

Tac. H. 4, 39:

cum eorum inventis scriptisque se oblectent,

writings, Cic. Rep. 1, 17, 28:

ardeo cupiditate...nomen ut nostrum scriptis illustretur et celebretur tuis,

id. Fam. 5, 12, 1:

scripta recitare,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 75:

nosmet Lucili scripta legentes,

id. ib. 1, 10, 56:

Graecorum Scripta optima,

id. Ep. 2, 1, 29:

si non accipiet scriptum,

Ov. A. A. 1, 469:

debueram scripto certior esse tuo,

id. H. 6, 4.—

(Acc. to II. B. 1.) Scriptum legis, and simply scriptum, a written ordinance, a law:

quam tu mihi ex ordine recita de legis scripto populi Romani auctionem,

Cic. Agr. 2, 18, 48:

(Crassus) ita multa tum contra scriptum pro aequo et bono dixit, ut, etc.,

id. Brut. 39, 145; cf. id. Inv. 2, 46, 135; 2, 47, 138; cf.:

(senatus) scripto illo istius sententiam dicere vetabatur,

rescript, id. Dom. 26, 69.

sentĭo, si, sum, 4 ( perf. sync. sensti, Ter. And. 5, 3, 11), v. a.

Physically.

In gen., to discern by the senses; to feel, hear, see, etc.; to perceive, be sensible of (syn. percipio).

With acc.:

calorem et frigus,

Lucr. 1, 496; cf.:

duritiem saxi,

id. 4, 268; 3, 381 sq.: feram nare sagaci (venaticā), Enn. ap. Fest. p. 177 Müll. (Ann. v. 346 Vahl.):

varios rerum odores,

Lucr. 1, 298:

sucum in ore,

id. 4, 617 sq.:

suavitatem cibi,

Cic. Phil. 2, 45, 115:

varios rerum colores,

Lucr. 4, 492:

sonitum,

Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 69:

nil aegri,

Lucr. 3, 832:

utrumque (calorem et frigus) manu,

id. 1, 496:

famem,

Liv. 25, 13:

morbos articularios,

Plin. 32, 4, 14, § 39.—In mal. part.:

sensit delphina Melantho,

Ov. M. 6, 120.— Pass.:

posse prius ad angustias veniri, quam sentirentur,

before they should be observed, Caes. B. C. 1, 67.—

With inf. or an, object-clause:

sei movero me seu secari sensero,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 40: sentio aperiri fores. id. Truc. 2, 3, 29:

nec quisquam moriens sentire videtur, Ire foras animam,

Lucr. 3, 607:

sentire sonare,

id. 4, 229 Munro.—

Absol.:

perpetuo quoniam sentimus,

Lucr. 4, 228; 6, 935; Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 77:

qui (homines) corruant, sed ita, ut ne vicini quidem sentiant,

Cic. Cat. 2, 10, 21.—

Of things:

pupula cum sentire colorem dicitur album,

Lucr. 2, 811 sq. — Absol.:

haud igitur aures per se possunt sentire,

Lucr. 3, 633:

si quis corpus sentire refutat,

id. 3, 350; 3, 354; cf. id. 3, 552; 3, 625.—

In partic.

To perceive the effects (esp. the ill effects) of any thing; to feel, experience, suffer, undergo, endure:

sentiet, qui vir siem,

Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 21:

jam curabo sentiat, Quos attentarit,

Phaedr. 5, 2, 6:

quid ipse ad Avaricum sensisset, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 7, 52; cf. Liv. 45, 28, 6:

Centupirini etiam ceterarum civitatum damna ac detrimenta senserunt,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 45, § 108; id. Div. in Caecil. 12, 38; cf. id. Verr. 2, 1, 49, § 127:

tecum Philippos et celerem fugam Sensi,

Hor. C. 2, 7, 10:

(Apollinem) vindicem,

id. ib. 4, 6, 3:

caecos motus orientis austri,

id. ib. 3, 27, 22:

contracta aequora (pisces),

id. ib. 3, 1, 33:

prima arma nostra (Salyi),

Flor. 3, 2, 3:

sentire paulatim belli mala,

Tac. H. 1, 89:

famem,

Liv. 25, 13, 1; Curt. 9, 10, 11:

damnum,

Liv. 2, 64, 6:

cladem belli,

id. 35, 33, 6:

inopiam rerum omnium,

id. 43, 22, 10; 44. 7, 6:

incommoda belli,

id. 44, 14, 10:

lassitudo jam et sitis sentiebatur,

id. 44, 36, 2:

ubi primum dolorem aliquis sentit,

Cels. 6, 7 init.; cf. Lact. 7, 20, 7:

cujus ulceris dolorem sentire etiam spectantes videntur,

Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 59:

corporis aegri vitia sentire,

Curt. 8, 10, 29:

qui in urbe se commoverit... sentiet, in hac urbe esse consules vigilantes, esse egregios magistratus, etc.,

Cic. Cat. 2, 12, 27; cf. id. Sest. 28, 69; Ov. M. 13, 864.— Absol.:

iste tuus ipse sentiet Posterius,

Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 59.—Of beasts, etc.:

oves penuriam sentiunt,

Col. 7, 9, 3 sq.:

frigus aut aestum,

id. 7, 4, 7:

praegelidam hiemem omnes pisces sentiunt,

Plin. 9, 16, 24, § 57.—

Of things, to be affected or influenced by:

meae istuc scapulae sentiunt,

Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 25; Liv. 9, 37:

transitum exercitus (ager),

id. 9, 41, 58:

pestilentem Africum (Fecunda vitis),

Hor. C. 3, 23, 5:

lacus et mare amorem Festinantis eri,

id. Ep. 1, 1, 84:

alnos fluvii cavatas,

Verg. G. 1, 136 al.; cf. Plin. Pan. 31, 5:

carbunculi cum ipsi non sentiant ignes,

Plin. 37, 7, 25, § 92:

eadem (gemma) sola nobilium limam sentit,

is affected by, id. 37, 8, 32, § 109:

cum amnis sentit aestatem, et ad minimum deductus est,

Sen. Ira, 3, 21, 1:

miramur quod accessionem fluminum maria non sentiant,

id. Q. N. 3, 4: illa primum saxa auctum fluminis sentiunt, id. ib. 4, 2, 7:

totum mare sentit exortum ejus sideris,

Plin. 9, 16, 25, § 58:

caseus vetustatem,

id. 11, 42, 97, § 242:

herba cariem,

id. 12, 7, 14, § 28:

ferrum robiginem,

id. 34, 14, 41, § 143. —

In the elder Pliny, to be susceptible of, to be subject or liable to a disease:

morbos,

Plin. 9, 49, 73, § 156:

rabiem,

id. 8, 18, 26, § 68:

cariem,

id. 12, 7, 14, § 28.—

Mentally.

Lit., to feel, perceive, observe, notice (syn. intellego).

With acc.:

id jam pridem sensi et subolet mihi,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 7; so,

quid,

id. Truc. 1, 1, 39:

quando Aesculapi ita sentio sententiam,

I observe, understand, id. Curc. 2, 1, 2:

primus sentio mala nostra,

Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 7:

numquam illum ne minimā quidem re offendi, quod quidem senserim,

that I have perceived, Cic. Lael. 27, 103:

ut cui bene quid processerit, multum illum providisse, cui secus, nihil sensisse dicamus,

id. Rab. Post. 1, 1:

praesentia numina sentit,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 134; cf. id. ib. 2, 2, 162; id. C. S. 73 et saep.:

de victoriā atque exitu rerum sentire,

Caes. B. G. 7, 52:

omnia me illa sentire quae dicerem, nec tantum sentire, sed amare,

Sen. Ep. 75, 3:

illum sensisse quae scripsit,

id. ib. 100, 11.— Poet.:

ut vestram sentirent aequora curam,

Ov. M. 5, 557:

nec inania Tartara sentit,

i. e. does not die, id. ib. 12, 619.—

With inf. or an obj.-clause:

quoniam sentio errare (eum),

Plaut. Men. 3, 2, 16:

hoc vir excellenti providentiā sensit ac vidit, non esse, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 2, 3, 5:

suspicionem populi sensit moveri,

id. ib. 2, 31, 54:

quod quid cogitent, me scire sentiunt, etc.,

id. Cat. 2, 3, 5 sq.:

postquam nihil esse pericli Sensimus,

Hor. S. 2, 8, 58:

non nisi oppressae senserunt (civitates), etc.,

Just. 8, 1, 2.—

With rel.- or interrog.-clause:

scio ego et sentio ipse, quid agam,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 13:

jam dudum equidem sentio, suspicio Quae te sollicitet,

id. Bacch. 4, 8, 49:

quoniam sentio, Quae res gereretur,

id. ib. 2, 3, 56:

si quid est in me ingenii, quod sentio quam sit exiguum,

Cic. Arch. 1, 1:

ex quo fonte hauriam, sentio,

id. ib. 6, 13:

victrices catervae Sensere, quid mens rite, quid indoles... Posset,

Hor. C. 4, 4, 25.—With the indic., in a rel.clause:

sentio, quam rem agitis,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 14.—

With de:

hostes postea quam de profectione eorum senserunt,

became aware of their retreat, Caes. B. G. 5, 32; 7, 52.—

With nom. of part. ( poet.):

sensit terrae sola maculans,

Cat. 63, 6:

sensit medios delapsus in hostis,

Verg. A. 2, 377.—

Absol.:

vehementer mihi est irata: sentio atque intellego,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 6, 64; cf. id. Trin. 3, 2, 72; id. Mil. 2, 6, 97:

mentes sapientium cum e corpore excessissent sentire ac vigere (opp. carere sensu),

Cic. Sest. 21, 47; cf. id. Rep. 6, 24, 26:

(Aristoteles) paeana probat eoque ait uti omnes, sed ipsos non sentire cum utantur,

id. Or. 57, 193; cf. Quint. 9, 4, 52:

priusquam hostes sentirent,

Liv. 34, 14; 2, 25; 22, 4.— Impers. pass.:

non ut dictum est, in eo genere intellegitur, sed ut sensum est,

Cic. de Or. 3, 42, 168.—

To feel, experience (with acc. of the feeling;

rare): quidquid est quod sensum habet, id necesse est sentiat et voluptatem et dolorem,

Cic. N. D. 3, 14, 36:

tenesne memoriā quantum senseris gaudium, cum, etc.,

Sen. Ep. 4, 2:

non sentire amisso amico dolorem,

id. ib. 99, 26;

121, 7: victoriae tantae gaudium sentire,

Liv. 44, 44, 3; cf.:

segnius homines bona quam mala sentire,

id. 30, 21, 6.—

Transf. (in consequence of mental perception), to think, deem, judge, opine, imagine, suppose (syn.:

opinor, arbitror): si ita sensit, ut loquitur, est homo impurus,

Cic. Rep. 3, 21, 32; cf.:

jocansne an ita sentiens,

id. Ac. 2, 19, 63; id. Rep. 3, 5, 8:

fleri potest, ut recte quis sentiat, et id quod sentit, polite eloqui non possit,

id. Tusc. 1, 3, 6:

humiliter demisseque sentire,

id. ib. 5, 9, 24:

tecum aperte, quod sentio, loquar,

id. Rep. 1, 10, 15; cf.:

quod sentio scribere,

id. Fam. 15, 16, 3:

causa est haec sola, in quā omnes sentirent unum atque idem,

id. Cat. 4, 7, 14:

idemque et unum sentire,

Suet. Ner. 43:

sapiens de dis immortalibus sine ullo metu vera sentit,

Cic. Fin. 1, 19, 62.—With acc. and inf.:

idem, quod ego, sentit, te esse huic rei caput,

Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 29; cf.:

nos quidem hoc sentimus: si, etc.... non esse cunctandum,

Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 5:

voluptatem hanc esse sentiunt omnes,

id. Fin. 2, [p. 1673] 3, 6 Madv. ad loc.:

sensit in omni disputatione id fieri oportere,

id. ib. 2, 2, 4; 5, 8, 23; id. Tusc. 5, 28, 82; id. Att. 7, 6, 2; id. Fam. 1, 7, 5:

sic decerno, sic sentio, sic affirmo, nullam rerum publicarum conferendam esse cum eā, quam, etc.,

id. Rep. 1, 46, 70.—With two acc. (very rare):

aliquem bonum civem,

Cic. Off. 1, 34, 125 (cf. id. Fin. 2, 3, 0, supra, where Orell. omits esse).—With de and abl.:

cum de illo genere rei publicae quae sentio dixero,

Cic. Rep. 1, 42, 65; so,

quid de re publicā,

id. ib. 1, 21, 34;

1, 38, 60: quid de quo,

id. ib. 1, 11:

quid gravius de vobis,

Caes. B. C. 2, 32, 4; Cic. Rep. 1, 13, 19; cf.:

qui omnia de re publicā praeclara atque egregia sentirent,

were full of the most noble and generous sentiments, id. Cat. 3, 2, 5:

mirabiliter de te et loquuntur et sentiunt,

id. Fam. 4, 13, 5:

male de illo,

Quint. 2, 2, 12: sentire cum aliquo, to agree with one in opinion:

tecum sentio,

Plaut. Most. 3, 3, 24; id. Ps. 4, 2, 3:

cum Caesare sentire,

Cic. Att. 7, 1, 3; id. Rosc. Am. 49, 142; cf.:

nae iste haud mecum sentit,

Ter. And. 2, 1, 24: ab aliquo sentire, to dissent from, disagree with:

abs te seorsum sentio,

judge otherwise, think differently, Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 52: ut abs te seorsus sentiam De uxoriā re, Afran. ap. Charis. p. 195 P.: Gr. Omnia istaec facile patior, dum hic hinc a me sentiat. Tr. Atqui nunc abs te stat, is on my side, Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 56 (cf. ab); cf.

also: qui aliunde stet semper, aliunde sentiat,

Liv. 24, 45, 3.—

In partic., publicists' and jurid. t. t., to give one's opinion concerning any thing; to vote, declare, decide (syn. censeo):

sedens iis assensi, qui mihi lenissime sentire visi sunt,

Cic. Fam. 5, 2, 9; 11, 21, 2; 3, 8, 9:

quae vult Hortensius omnia dicat et sentiat,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 31, § 76:

si judices pro causā meā senserint,

decided in my favor, Gell. 5, 10, 14; cf.: in illam partem ite quā sentitis, Vet. Form. ap. Plin. Ep. 8, 14, 20.—Hence, sensa, ōrum, n. (acc. to II. B.).

Thoughts, notions, ideas, conceptions (class. but very rare):

sententiam veteres, quod animo sensissent, vocaverunt... Non raro tamen et sic locuti sunt, ut sensa sua dicerent: nam sensus corporis videbantur, etc.,

Quint. 8, 5, 1:

exprimere dicendo sensa,

Cic. de Or 1, 8, 32:

sensa mentis et consilia verbis explicare,

id. ib. 3, 14, 55.—

Opinions, doctrines (late Lat.):

sensa et inventa Disarii,

Macr. S. 7, 5, 4.

certus, a, um [orig. P. a. from cerno; hence], adj., determined, resolved, fixed, settled, purposed: non dubius.

(Acc. to cerno, II. D.) Certum est (mihi), it is determined, it is my ( thy, his, etc.) decision, resolution, will, I am resolved, I mean, etc. (mostly ante-class.; most freq. in Plaut.); with inf.: quorum virtuti belli Fortuna pepercit, Eorundem me libertati parcere certum est, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. v. 206 Vahl.):

certum'st hominem eludere,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 109:

tibi credere,

id. Aul. 4, 9, 7; cf. id. Capt. 3, 1, 32; id. Curc. 2, 1, 1; id. Cas. 2, 4, 15; id. Cist. 3, 1, 16; id. Ep. 5, 1, 57; id. Bacch. 5, 2, 37; id. Most. 1, 3, 80; id. Men. 5, 6, 12; id. Mil. 2, 3, 32; id. Merc. 3, 1, 7; id. Ps. 1, 5, 138; id. Poen. 5, 5, 25; id. Pers. 2, 2, 39; id. Rud. 3, 3, 22; id. Stich. 5, 4, 2; id. Trin. 2, 1, 34; id. Truc. 2, 6, 68; Ter. And. 2, 1, 11; id. Eun. 1, 2, 108: certum est deliberatumque, quae ad causam pertinere arbitror, omnia dicere, Cic. Rosc. Am. 11, 31:

certum atque decretum est non dare signum,

Liv. 2, 45, 13:

certum est igni circumdare muros,

Verg. A. 9, 153.—Certum'st mihi with inf., Plaut. As. 1, 3, 94; 3, 3, 23; id. Cas. 1, 1, 3; id. Mil. 3, 1, 154; id. Ps. 4, 8, 2; Cic. de Or. 2, 33, 144; Liv. 35, 46, 13; Ov. M. 9, 53 al.—Without inf., esp. parenthet., with expression of purpose by a fut. tense:

certum est, malam rem potius quaeram cum lucro,

Plaut. Aul. 4, 6, 15:

certum est, jam dicam patri,

id. Bacch. 3, 1, 15:

certum est, ibo ad medicum,

id. Merc. 2, 4, 4: An. Certumn' est tibi? Ly. Certum, id. Poen. 2, 48; cf. id. Stich. 4, 2, 33.—With pron. or subst.: Ar. Certumne'st tibi istuc? He. Non moriri certius, Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 74;

so further with istuc,

id. ib. 2, 1, 20; Ter. Eun. 3, 3, 30:

mihi autem abjurare certius est quam dependere,

Cic. Att. 1, 8, 3:

ad eum senem oppugnare certum est consilium,

Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 60:

quae nunc sunt certa ei consilia, etc.,

Ter. And. 2, 3, 16:

certa res hanc est objurgare,

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 73; so id. Merc. 5, 2, 16; id. Mil. 2, 4, 45; Ter. And. 2, 2, 31; Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 16.—

(From the time of the Aug. poets.) Transf. to the person who is determined upon something, determined, resolved, bent.

With inf.:

certa mori,

Verg. A. 4, 564 (cf. id. ib. 4, 475:

decrevitque mori): certi non cedere,

Ov. M. 9, 43:

certa sequi,

Val. Fl. 5, 47.—

With gen. (cf. Ramsh. Gr. p. 323; Zumpt, Gr. § 437, n. 1;

A. and S. § 213, R. 1): certus eundi,

Verg. A. 4, 554; Ov. M. 11, 440:

desciscendi,

Tac. H. 4, 14:

relinquendae vitae,

id. A. 4, 34:

necis,

Sil. 6, 27:

fugae,

Plin. Ep. 6, 16, 12:

destinationis,

Tac. A. 12, 32:

sceleris,

id. ib. 12, 66:

consilii,

id. H. 2, 46.—

With an:

nec sat certa an cederet armis,

Sil. 9, 480.—

An epithet of all those objects whose existence or reality is fixed, determined (hence in connection with definitus, Quint. 7, 10, 7;

with praefinitus,

Suet. Galb. 14), or in respect to which there can be no doubt (hence opp. dubius, Quint. 7, 6, 3; 5, 12, 3; 12, 3, 6 al.).

Object.

Of things whose external qualities, number, etc., are invariable, established, settled, fixed, particular, specified, etc. (class.):

Arboribus primum certis gravis umbra tributa,

Lucr. 6, 783:

fruges, bacae,

Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 19:

jam ad certas res conficiendas certos homines delectos ac descriptos habebat,

id. Cat. 3, 7, 16:

concilium in diem certam indicere,

Caes. B. G. 1, 30 fin.;

so with dies,

a fixed term, Cato, R. R. 149, 1; Cic. Att. 6, 2, 9; Nep. Chabr. 3, 1; Liv. 1, 50, 1; Tac. G. 9 al.; cf.:

certis diebus,

Verg. G. 2, 329:

quaerere ab judicibus cur in certa verba jurent, cur certo tempore conveniant, certo discedant,

Cic. Inv. 2, 45, 132; cf. Suet. Aug. 41:

certum praefinitumque tempus,

id. Galb. 14; and:

certum statumque vectigal,

id. Calig. 40:

pecunia (opp. arbitraria), v. arbitrarius: finis aerumnarum,

Lucr. 1, 108; cf. id. 2, 512; 8, 1091; Hor. S. 1, 1, 106; id. Ep. 1, 2, 56:

locus,

Caes. B. G. 5, 1, 6:

numerus,

id. ib. 7, 75:

signum,

fixed, agreed upon, id. B. C. 1, 27:

naves,

fixed in number and quality, id. ib. 1, 56:

pecuniae imperabantur,

id. ib. 3, 32 fin.:

conviva,

i. e. a daily, constant guest, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 75 Schmid:

ecquem tu illo certiorem nebulonem,

Cic. Att. 15, 21, 2.—

But sometimes indef., like quidam, and our certain, of things, the certainty of whose existence is given, but whose nature is not more definitely designated, or comes not into consideration (cf. aliquis):

Cephaloedi mensis est certus, quo mense sacerdotem maximum creari oporteat,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 52, § 128:

habet certos sui studiosos,

id. Brut. 16, 64:

(hunc) certis rebus imperatis regnare jussit,

id. Sest. 27, 58:

certi homines ad eam rem periti,

id. ib. 18, 41:

res a certis hominibus corrupta,

id. Fam. 1, 2, 3; 4, 9, 2; 16, 11, 2; id. Marcell. 6, 16; id. Deiot. 4, 11; Liv. 34, 61, 7.—Hence in Quint. several times in connection with quidam and aliquis:

ad certas quasdam dicendi leges alligati,

Quint. 8, prooem. § 2; so id. 8, prooem. § 12; 4, 2, 28; 5, 10, 2; 5, 10, 5; 9, 4, 8;

11, 2, 28: aliquos compositionis certos pedes,

id. 10, 2, 13; so id. 7, prooem. § 4; and subst.:

in his certos aliquos docebit,

id. 2, 8, 13.—

Trop., of things whose internal moral qualities are established, fixed, can be relied upon, sure, unerring, to be depended upon, true, faithful, [p. 321] etc. (so most freq. in all periods and species of composition; syn.: firmus, confirmatus, exploratus, indubitatus, manifestus al.).

Of persons: amicus certus in re incertā cernitur, Enn. ap. Cic. Lael. 17, 64; cf.:

tu ex amicis certis mi es certissimus,

Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 57:

certi homines, quibus dem litteras,

Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 1; cf. id. Cat. 3, 7, 16; Nep. Paus. 2, 4; id. Alcib. 10, 1; Cic. Rosc. Am. 19, 53; id. Verr. 2, 2, 64, § 156:

certus enim promisit Apollo, etc.,

Hor. C. 1, 7, 28:

auctor (mortis),

Quint. 6, 3, 68; cf. Suet. Tib. 5:

adversus hostem nec spe nec animo certiorem, i. e. firmiorem,

Liv. 10, 35, 17: apud latera certos collocaverat, Sall. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 1, 576 (H. 1, 53 Dietsch); cf. Nep. Dion, 9, 2:

per litora certos dimittam,

Verg. A. 1, 576:

certissimus auctor (Phoebus),

id. G. 1, 432.—

Of things:

satis animo certo et confirmato,

Cic. Quint. 24, 77; cf.

pectora,

Verg. A. 9, 249, and certior indoles, Suet. Ner. 10:

promissa,

Cic. Fam. 6, 12, 1:

parata dicendi copia et certa,

Quint. 10, 6, 6; id. 6, prooem. §

9: jus,

id. 12, 3, 6 et saep.:

jactus (telorum),

Tac. A. 14, 37; cf.

in this sense certa hasta,

Verg. A. 11, 767:

sagitta,

Hor. C. 1, 12, 23:

fides segetis,

id. ib. 3, 16, 30:

spes,

id. C. S. 74:

trames,

id. S. 2, 3, 49:

lar,

id. Ep. 1, 7, 58 al.:

plana et certa,

Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 1:

certa et clara,

Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 1 Ruhnk.; so Liv. 22, 39, 22; cf. Hor. S. 2, 6, 27.—Subst., with gen.:

certa maris,

Tac. H. 4, 81.—

Subject., of that which is established by evidence, etc., placed beyond doubt, certain, sure, true, proved, established (class.; esp. freq. in neutr.):

cum ad has suspitiones certissimae res accederent,

Caes. B. G. 1, 19; 5, 29:

incerta pro certis malebant,

Sall. C. 17, 6; cf.:

incerta pro certis mutare,

id. J. 83, 1:

postremo certior res,

Liv. 29, 6, 12:

certiora esse dicunt quam, etc.,

Cic. N. D. 3, 5, 13; id. Att. 3, 11, 2; Liv. 10, 35, 12: So. Satin hoc certum'st? Ge. Certum:

hisce oculis egomet vidi,

Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 31:

jam satis certumst virginem vitiatam esse?

id. Enn. 4, 4, 36:

cum certius tibi sit me esse Romae quam mihi te Athenis,

Cic. Att. 1, 9, 1:

id parum certum est,

Liv. 5, 35, 3:

cum de altero intellectu certum est, de altero dubium,

Quint. 7, 6, 3; cf. id. 7, 3, 4: non certum traditur, with interrog.-clause, Liv. 2, 8, 8:

nec quicquam certi respondes mihi?

Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 84:

neque tanto spatio certi quid esset explorari poterat,

Caes. B. G. 7, 45:

certum inveniri non potest ne... an,

id. B. C. 1, 25:

si quicquam humanorum certi est,

Liv. 5, 33, 1: Ph. Civemne? Th. Arbitror:

Certum non scimus,

Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 31; cf. id. Phorm. 1, 2, 98; Cic. Att. 12, 23, 2.—So, certum scire, to know for a certainty, Ter. Eun. 5, 3, 12; id. Hec. 3, 1, 44; Cic. Fam. 9, 23 init.:

certum habere,

to reckon certain, id. Att. 1, 13, 1; Liv. 36, 28, 4; 5, 3, 2; Quint. 2, 3, 9; Col. 2, 22, 5 al.:

certum respondeo,

Cic. Ac. 2, 29, 92:

cognoscere, Auct. B. Alex. 53: comperire, Auct. B. Hisp. 22.—So also pro certo habere,

Cic. Att. 10, 6, 3; Matius ap. Cic. Att. 9, 15, A med.; Sall. C. 52, 17; Suet. Dom. 23:

negare,

Cic. Att. 5, 21, 5:

polliceri,

id. Agr. 2, 37, 102:

dicere aliquid,

id. Brut. 3, 10:

ponere,

Liv. 23, 6, 8:

scire,

id. 25, 10, 1:

affirmare,

id. 27, 1, 13; 3, 23, 7; cf. id. 1, 3, 2 Drak.:

creditur,

Sall. C. 15, 2:

coeperit esse,

Quint. 5, 12, 2:

certius cognoscere ex aliquo de aliquā re,

Caes. B. G. 5, 52, 5.—Strengthened by comp.:

quin nihil invenies magis hoc certo certius,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 111; cf.:

et hoc certo certius est et saepissime constitutum,

Dig. 42, 8, 10, § 14:

certo certius,

Ambros. in Ephes. 5; Paul. Vit. St. Ambros. 25; App. M. 9, p. 237, 27.—In Plaut. certum or certius facere alicui, to give certainty to one concerning any thing, make him certain, Plaut. Men. 2, 1, 17; 5, 2, 12; id. Ps. 2, 2, 4.—

Transf. to the person who is made certain in reference to a thing, certain, sure:

certi sumus periisse omnia,

Cic. Att. 2, 19, 5:

num quid nunc es certior?

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 191:

posteritatis,

i. e. of posthumous fame, Plin. Ep. 9, 3, 1:

sententiae,

Quint. 4, 3, 8:

judicii,

Sen. Ep. 45, 9:

certus de suā geniturā,

Suet. Vesp. 25:

damnationis,

id. Tib. 61:

exitii,

Tac. A. 1, 27:

spei,

id. H. 4, 3:

matrimonii,

id. A. 12, 3:

certi sumus, etc.,

Gell. 18, 10, 5.—In class. prose mostly in the phrase certiorem facere aliquem (de aliquā re, alicujus rei, with a foll, acc. and inf., with a rel.-clause or absol.), to inform, apprise one of a thing:

me certiorem face,

Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 69:

ut nos facias certiores,

Plaut. Curc. 5, 2, 32:

uti se (sc. Caesarem) de his rebus certiorem faciant,

Caes. B. G. 2, 2:

qui certiorem me sui consilii fecit,

Cic. Att. 9, 2, a, 2:

Caesarem certiorem faciunt, sese non facile ab oppidis vim hostium prohibere,

Caes. B. G. 1, 11:

faciam te certiorem quid egerim,

Cic. Att. 3, 11, 1.— With subj. only:

milites certiores facit, paulisper intermitterent proelium,

Caes. B. G. 3, 5 fin. — Pass.:

quod crebro certior per me fias de omnibus rebus,

Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 1; so Caes. B. G. 1, 7; Sall. J. 104, 1:

Caesar certior factus est, tres jam copiarum partes Helvetios id flumen transduxisse,

Caes. B. G. 1, 12; so id. ib. 1, 21; 1, 41; 2, 1; Sall. J. 82, 2; Nep. Att. 12, 3:

factus certior, quae res gererentur,

Caes. B. C. 1, 15:

non consulibus certioribus factis,

Liv. 45, 21, 4.—Also in posit., though rarely:

fac me certum quid tibi est,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 16; 4, 6, 35; Verg. A. 3, 179:

lacrimae suorum Tam subitae matrem certam fecere ruinae,

Ov. M. 6, 268.— Hence, adv. in two forms.

certō, with certainty, certainly, surely, of a truth, in fact, really, object. and subject. (cf. supra, II. A. and B.); only in the comic poets, and sometimes (most. freq. in his epistt.) in Cic., while the adverbial form certe belongs to all periods and all species of composition. The difference between them is, perhaps, merely historical; but v. infra, certe, B. I. 2. init.

Object.:

perii certo, haud arbitrario,

Plaut. Poen. 3, 5, 42; cf. id. Merc. 2, 3, 106:

mihi certo nomen Sosia'st,

id. Am. 1, 1, 176; id. Men. 2, 2, 39; Ter. Phorm. 1, 3, 12:

nihil ita exspectare quasi certo futurum,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 28, 81 (cf. the passage cited under certo, I. 1., from id. Div. 2, 7, 18).—

In affirm. answers: Me. Liberum ego te jussi abire? Mes. Certo, yes, certainly, Plaut. Men. 5, 8, 9; so id. ib. 5, 9, 50; 2, 3, 38; id. Poen. 5, 5, 21; Ter. Eun. 5, 1, 9.—

Subject.

In gen. (very rare):

certo enim ego vocem hic loquentis modo mi audire visus sum,

Plaut. Aul. 4, 5, 4:

ego rus abituram me esse certo decrevi,

Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 10: Th. Quid aīs? Py. Atqui certo comperi, id. Eun. 5, 1, 9.—

Esp. in the formula of asseveration, certo scio, I certainly know, I am fully persuaded, beyond all doubt (class.):

certo edepol scio, me vidisse, etc.,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 2; id. Truc. 1, 1, 49; Ter. And. 5, 4, 26; id. Ad. 4, 5, 14; id. Eun. 1, 2, 119; id. Heaut. 1, 1, 19:

quod te moleste ferre certo scio,

Cic. Att. 1, 12, 3; 2, 23, 2; id. Fam. 4, 13, 6; id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 6; id. Rosc. Am. 8, 21; id. Phil. 3, 6, 17; id. Sen. 1, 1; 1, 2; Sall. J. 9, 2; id. C. 51, 16:

veniunt in mentem mihi permulta: vobis plura, certo scio,

Cic. Caecin. 19, 55 (cf. under certe, I. 2.).—

certē (class.; cf. supra, certo init.).

Affirming strongly, with certainty, certainly, undoubtedly, assuredly, surely, really.

Object.:

certe edepol, tu me alienabis,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 243:

ego quidem ab hoc certe exorabo,

id. Bacch. 5, 2, 58:

certe hercle,

id. As. 2, 1, 15; cf. Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 8; Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 71; Ter. And. 2, 2, 10:

quom is certe Renuntiarit,

id. Heaut. 4, 4, 4:

certe captus est!

id. And. 1, 1, 55:

certe ut videamur cernere eum,

Lucr. 4, 760:

si enim scit, certe illud eveniet: sin certe eveniet, nulla fortuna est,

Cic. Div. 2, 7, 18; cf. id. N. D. 1, 2, 5:

fuit certe id aequum et certe exspectatum est, etc.,

id. Planc. 16, 38:

ea certe vera sunt,

id. Mil. 35, 96:

M. Catoni certe licuit, etc.,

id. Rep. 1, 1, 1:

jam illa perfugia certe minime sunt audienda,

id. ib. 1, 5, 9:

cum se certe decessurum videret,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 44, § 104; Cat. 62, 8:

certe hinc Romanos olim fore ductores pollicitus,

Verg. A. 1, 234:

o dea certe,

a goddess surely, id. ib. 1, 328:

postremo expellet certe vivacior heres,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 132:

placuit tibi, Delphice, certe, Dum, etc.,

Ov. M. 2, 543 al. — Comp.:

speculatores mittere, qui certius explorata referant,

Liv. 3, 40, 13; 35, 48, 3:

si reperire vocas amittere certius,

Ov. M. 5, 519; App. M. 2, p. 118, 1.— Sup., Tert. Pall. 4.—

In an answer of affirmation:

estne ipsus an non est! Is est, Certe is est, is est profecto,

Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 65; so Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 53; Cic. Tusc. 1, 5, 9; id. Clu. 54, 149; id. Phil. 1, 15, 37; id. Ac. 2, 35, 113; and in confirmation of a preceding fact: venerat, ut opinor, haec res in judicium. Certe, certainly, surely, Cic. Rosc. Com. 14, 42; id. Fam. 4, 2, 5; id. Or. 42, 144; cf. id. Off. 3, 29, 105; id. Fin. 2, 27, 91.—

Subject., mostly in the phrase certe scio, I know to a certainty, I am sure (acc. to Klotz ad Cic. Sen. 1, 2, certe scio = certum est me scire, I am fully convinced: certo scio = certum est quod scio, my knowledge is accurate, etc.):

certe edepol scio, si aliud quicquam est quod credam aut certo sciam, etc.,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 115:

edepol certo scio,

id. Bacch. 2, 3, 20:

scelestiorem me hac anu certe scio Vidisse numquam,

id. Aul. 1, 1, 21; cf. Cic. Arch. 12, 32:

ex litteris certe scire potuistis,

id. Font. 4, 8; id. Phil. 12, 12, 29:

quod iste certe statuerat ac deliberaverat non adesse,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 1, § 1.—

In affirm. answers: Ar. Ain' vero? Le. Certe, inquam, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 132: Ch. Ain'tu? So. Certe, sic erit, Ter. Heaut. 5, 3, 12.—

In a subjective supposition or presumption that a thing is so, certainly, surely, assuredly, doubtless, of course; Gr. isôs:

ah nugas agis, Certe habes,

Plaut. Aul. 4, 4, 25; id. Bacch. 5, 2, 58:

si me tanti facis, quanti certe facis,

Cic. Fam. 11, 16, 3; 7, 8, 1; cf. Verg. A. 1, 234; Ov. M. 2, 423; Prop. 2, 7, 1. —

In interrog., Cic. Leg. 1, 1, 3; Suet. Aug. 33.—

Affirming with restriction, yet surely, yet indeed, at least, notwithstanding (very freq. in prose and poetry, esp. after the class. per.).

Alone:

si non ipsā re tibi istuc dolet, Simulare certe est hominis,

Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 16:

cingitur, certe expedit se,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 152:

ut homines mortem vel optare incipiant, vel certe timere desistant,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 49, 117:

haec... sint falsa sane, invidiosa certe non sunt,

id. Ac. 2, 32, 105:

qui... ut non referat pedem, sistet certe,

id. Phil. 12, 4, 8:

res fortasse verae, certe graves,

id. Fin. 4, 3, 7; cf. Liv. 9, 11, 13:

consulatum unum certe plebis Romanae esse,

id. 22, 34, 11:

quos quoniam caeli nondum dignamur honore, Quas dedimus certe terras habitare sinamus,

Ov. M. 1, 195 et saep.:

quo quid sit beatius, mihi certe in mentem venire non potest,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 28, 81; so,

ego certe,

Quint. 8, 3, 65; 9, 4, 57:

certe ego,

Sall. J. 31, 5; Ov. H. 19, 81; id. M. 13, 840; id. Tr. 4, 5, 13:

mihi certe,

Quint. 10, 3, 23:

ipse certe,

id. 8, 6, 30; Curt. 7, 4, 19; 7, 6, 22.—

With other particles.

With tamen:

illud certe tamen, quod jam amplexi sumus,

Cic. de Or. 3, 6, 22; id. Sen. 23, 84.—

With at: quod (consilium) si non fuerit prudens, at certe ab optima fide proficiscetur, Balb. et opp. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, A, 1; Ov. F. 3, 351; cf. at II. 3.—

With sed: non integrā re, sed certe minus infractā, quam, etc., Att. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 10, 8; cf. Cic. Leg. 1, 21, 56 dub. B. and K. —

With quidem:

ubi sit animus, certe quidem in te est,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 29, 70:

quoniam volumus quidem certe senes fieri,

id. Sen. 2, 6; id. Quint. 15, 50:

certe quidem vos estis Romani, etc.,

Liv. 45, 22, 5. (But quidem does not belong with certe in such passages as the foll.:

hic quidem certe memorat, etc.,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 261 al.; v. quidem; cf. also aut and vel.)

censōrĭus, a, um, adj. [censor], of or pertaining to the censor, censorial:

tabulae,

the lists of the censor, Cic. Agr. 1, 2, 4:

lex,

a contract for leasing buildings, id. Verr. 2, 1, 55, § 143; public revenues, id. Prov. Cons. 5, 12; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 12, § 35 (the same:

locatio,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 6, § 12); sometimes, also, the order, decisions of the censor (concerning the divisions of the people, taxes, public buildings, etc.), id. Rab. Perd. 5, 15; Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 16:

edictum (de rhetoribus Latinis),

Suet. Rhet. 1:

severitas,

Cic. Clu. 46, 129; cf. id. Pis. 5, 10:

animadversio atque auctoritas,

id. Clu. 42, 117 and 119; cf.

animadversio,

id. ib. 46, 129 fin.:

nota,

Liv. 24, 18, 9; Quint. 5, 11, 13; 5, 13, 32 (cf. Cic. Clu. 46, 129: censoriae severitatis nota): opus, a fault or crime which was followed by the punishment of the censor, Cic. de Or. 2, 90, 367; Suet. Caes. 41; Gell. 4, 12, 1; 14, 7, 8;

for which also, probrum,

Plin. 18, 3, 3, § 10;

but censorium opus,

the punishment inflicted by the censor, Col. 12, praef. fin.:

homo,

any one who had been censor, Cic. de Or. 2, 90, 367.—Hence, Cato Censorius, Quint. 12, 1, 35.—

Trop., rigid, severe:

gravitas,

Cic. Cael. 15, 35:

virgula,

Quint. 1, 4, 3:

lima,

Mart. 5, 80, 12.

quaestĭo, ōnis, f. [quaero], a seeking.

In gen. (Plautin.):

cave, fuas mi in quaestione,

lest you suffer yourself to be to seek, lest I have to look after you, Plaut. Pers. 1, 1, 52:

tibi ne in quaestione essemus,

id. Capt. 2, 2, 3; id. Ps. 2, 2, 68.—

In partic., an inquiry, investigation, a questioning, question, subject of inquiry:

quaestio est appetitio cognitionis, quaestionisque finis inventio,

Cic. Ac. 2, 8, 26; 2, 36, 115:

quae veri simillima (sententia sit), magna quaestio est,

id. Tusc. 1, 11, 23; id. Fin. 2, 11, 34:

rem in disceptationem quaestionemque vocare,

to investigate, id. de Or. 3, 32, 129:

res in quaestione versatur,

is under investigation, id. Clu. 58, 159:

de moribus ultima fiet quaestio,

Juv. 3, 141:

res in quaestionem venit,

comes under investigation, Quint. 5, 14, 16:

modo aliquam quaestionem poëticam ei proponeret,

Nep. Att. 20, 2; cf. Cic. Att. 7, 19 fin.; Sen. Ben. 5, 8, 6; id. Ep. 48, 1; Suet. Tib. 56:

quaestionem instituere,

to institute an investigation, Quint. 7, 1, 6:

quaestionem solvere,

Sen. Ep. 48, 11; Quint. 5, 10, 26.—

A public judicial investigation, examination by torture, a criminal inquiry, inquisition; the crime is usu. constr. with de:

cum praetor quaestionem inter sicarios exercuisset,

instituted a trial for assassination, Cic. Fin. 2, 16, 54:

verberibus ac tormentis quaestionem habuit pecuniae publicae,

id. Phil. 11, 2, 5:

quaestionem mortis paternae de servis paternis habere,

id. Rosc. Am. 28, 78:

quaestionem fugitare,

id. ib. 28, 78:

servos in quaestionem polliceri,

id. ib. 28, 77:

quaestionem ferre in aliquem,

to appoint, institute, make a motion for, id. de Or. 1, 53, 227:

habere ex aliquo,

Liv. 33, 28:

facere alicui,

against any one, Dig. 34, 3, 20:

quaestionem de furto constituere,

Cic. Clu. 64, 181:

quaestionem instituere de morte alicujus,

id. ib. 64, 181:

quaestionem de morte viri habere,

id. ib. 65, 182;

63, 176: quaestionem habere de servis in caput filii,

id. ib. 63, 176:

ad quaestionem abripi,

to examination by torture, id. ib. 33, 89:

alicui servum in quaestionem ferre,

id. ib. 64, 181:

postulare servum in quaestionem,

id. ib. 64, 181:

quaestiones severius exercere,

Liv. 9, 34:

quaestioni praeesse,

to conduct a trial as judge, Cic. Rosc. Am. 4, 11: quaestiones perpetuae, the inquisitions concerning certain crimes (repetundarum, majestatis, de falso, de sicariis, de injuriis, etc.), conducted annually, after 605 A. U. C., by a standing commission, and presided over by the prætor, Cic. Brut. 27, 106:

judex quaestionis,

the director of the criminal court under the presidency of the prætor, id. Clu. 54, 148; 33, 89; id. Brut. 76, 264:

quaestiones extraordinariae,

trials out of the common course, held under a special commission, Liv. 39, 14; so,

quaestio nova,

Cic. Mil. 5, 13:

A QVAESTIONIBVS,

an attendant in examinations, a torturer, inquisitor, Inscr. Grut. 545, 6; 560, 1. —

Transf.

The court, the judges:

dimittere eo tempore quaestionem,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 30, § 74:

totam quaestionem a severitate ad clementiam transtulit,

Val. Max. 8, 1, 6.—

The subject of investigation, the matter, case, question:

perdifficilis et perobscura quaestio est de naturā deorum,

Cic. N. D. 1, 1, 1:

dividere totam de dis immortalibus quaestionem in partis quattuor,

id. ib. 2, 1, 3:

quaestio proposita,

Quint. 9, 2, 39.—

In partic., in rhet.

The rhetorical subject of debate: quaestionum duo sunt genera: alterum infinitum, alterum definitum. Definitum est, quod hupothesin Graeci, nos causam: infinitum, quod thesin illi appellant, nos propositum possumus nominare, Cic. Top. 21, 79. —

The main point in a disputed matter, the issue in a cause: quaestio est quae ex conflictione causarum gignitur controversia, hoc modo: Non jure fecisti: jure feci. Causarum autem haec est conflictio, in quā constitutio constat;

ex eā igitur nascitur controversia, quam quaestionem dicimus, hoc modo: jurene fecerit,

Cic. Inv. 1, 13, 18; cf. id. ib. 1, 6, 8.—

A question, a disputed point, quaestio est, it is doubtful, may be disputed:

sapientia efficit sapientis sola per se: beatos efficiat necne sola per se quaestio est,

Cic. Top. 15, 60; id. Tusc. 4, 13, 29; id. Inv. 2, 20, 60:

quaestio est, an, etc.,

Quint. 7, 3, 22; cf.:

nulla quaestio est,

Aug. Retract. 1, 19, 6; cf.

also: in quaestione est,

Plin. 11, 17, 18, § 57; 10, 22, 27, § 52:

quaestionis est immensae,

id. 7, 28, 29, § 101; 28, 2, 3, § 10.

dē, adv.: of place, down, only in the phrase susque deque, q. v.

dē, prep. [perh. for ded; cf. Oscan dat, old abl. of pronom. stem da; cf. also Lith. praep. da, as far as; and the suffixes, old case-forms, -dam, -dem, -dum, -do, with the locative -de; v. Ribbeck, Beitr. z. L. v. d. Lat. Part. p. 4 sq.] (with abl., denotes the going out, departure, removal, or separating of an object from any fixed point. Accordingly, it occupies a middle place between ab, away from, which denotes a mere external departure, and ex, out of, which signifies from the interior of a thing. Hence verbs compounded with de are constr. not only with de, but quite as freq. with ab and ex; and, on the other hand, those compounded with ab and ex often have the terminus a quo indicated by de), from, away from, down from, out of, etc.

In space, lit. and trop. with verbs of motion: animam de corpore mitto, Enn. ap. Non. p. 150, 6 (Ann. v. 216 Vahl.):

aliquo quom jam sucus de corpore cessit,

Lucr. 3, 224:

(quod Ariovistus) de altera parte agri Sequanos decedere juberet,

to depart, withdraw from, Caes. B. G. 1, 31, 10; cf.:

civitati persuasit, ut de finibus suis cum omnibus copiis exirent,

id. ib. 1, 2:

decedere de provincia,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 20, § 49 ( = ex provincia, id. ib. 2, 2, 65, §

147): de vita decedere,

Cic. Rab. Perd. 11:

exire de vita,

id. Lael. 4, 15 (cf.:

excedere e vita,

id. ib. 3, 12):

de triclinio, de cubiculo exire,

id. de Or. 2, 65 fin.:

hamum de cubiculo ut e navicula jacere,

Plin. Ep. 9, 7, 4:

de castris procedere,

Sall. C. 61, 8 et saep.:

brassica de capite et de oculis omnia (mala) deducet,

Cato R. R. 157, 6:

de digito anulum detraho,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 1, 38; cf.:

de matris complexu aliquem avellere atque abstrahere,

Cic. Font. 17:

nomen suum de tabula sustulit,

id. Sest. 33, 72:

ferrum de manibus extorsimus,

id. Cat. 2, 1, 2:

juris utilitas vel a peritis vel de libris depromi potest,

id. de Or. 1, 59, 252 et saep.:

... decido de lecto praeceps,

Plaut. Casin. 5, 2, 50:

de muro se deicere,

Caes. B. C. 1, 18, 3:

de sella exsilire,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 30 fin.:

nec ex equo vel de muro, etc., hostem destinare,

Tert. adv. Jud. 9, p. 192:

de caelo aliquid demittere,

Lucr. 2, 1155; cf. Cato R. R. 14, 3 et saep.—

In gen., to indicate the person or place from which any thing is taken, etc., with verbs of taking away, depriving, demanding, requesting, inquiring, buying; as capere, sumere, emere, quaerere, discere, trahere, etc., and their compounds; cf.:

emere de aliquo,

Cato R. R. 1, 4:

aliquid mercari de aliquo,

Cic. Fl. 20 et saep.:

de aliquo quaerere, quid, etc.,

Cic. Att. 1, 14, 2:

saepe hoc audivi de patre,

id. de Or. 3, 33, 133; cf.:

de mausoleo exaudita vox est,

Suet. Ner. 46:

ut sibi liceret discere id de me,

Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 31;

so with petere, of place (class.): de vicino terra petita solo,

Ov. F. 4, 822;

so of persons (late Lat.): peto de te,

Dig. 36, 1, 57, § 2; Apul. M. 6, p. 179, 40.

To point out the place from which any thing is brought; and hence, trop., to indicate its origin, derivation, etc.: of, from: de circo astrologi, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 58; so,

caupo de via Latina,

Cic. Clu. 59, 163:

nescio qui de circo maximo,

id. Mil. 24, 65:

declamator aliqui de ludo aut rabula de foro,

id. Or. 15, 47:

homo de schola atque a magistro... eruditus,

id. de Or. 2, 7, 28:

nautae de navi Alexandrina,

Suet. Aug. 98:

aliquis de ponte,

i. e. a beggar, Juv. 14, 134:

Libyca de rupe leones,

Ov. F. 2, 209:

nostro de rure corona,

Tib. 1, 1, 15:

Vaticano fragiles de monte patellas,

Juv. 6, 344 al.:

de summo loco Summoque genere eques,

Plaut. Capt. prol. 30; cf. id. Aul. prol. 28; id. Poen. 3, 1, 13:

genetrix Priami de gente vetusta,

Verg. A. 9, 284; cf. id. ib. 10, 350; Stat. S. 5, 3, 126:

de Numitore sati,

Ov. F. 5, 41:

de libris,

Cic. de Or. 1, 59, 252:

de Philocteta, id,

ib. 3, 35, 141 (cf.:

e Philocteta versus,

Quint. 3, 1, 14).

Transf., to indicate the quarter from which motion proceeds (cf. ab), from, and because motion is so often and naturally downwards, down from:

haec agebantur in conventu, palam, de sella ac de loco superiore,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 40; cf. ib. 2, 2, 38:

quem ad se vocari et de tribunali citari jussit,

id. ib. 2, 5, 7:

qui nihil ex occulto, nihil de insidiis, agendum putant,

Cic. Off. 1, 30, 109; cf.

de tergo plagas dare,

from behind, Plaut. Asin. 2, 2, 10; Just. 20, 5, 5:

de paupere mensa dona,

Tib. 1, 1, 37 et saep.—In jurid. Latin: de plano discutere, interloqui, cognoscere, etc., i. e. on level ground, not on the tribunal (cf. chamothen, opp. pro bêmatos, Dig. 27, 1, 13, § 10), Dig. 1, 4, 1; 1, 16, 9; 14. 3, 11 et saep.; so, de plano, off-hand, without formal consideration, Lucr. 1, 411;

v. planus.—And with pendeo, etc. (the motion in the eye transferred to the object): deque viri collo dulce pependit onus,

Ov. F. 2, 760:

lucerna de camera pendebat,

Petr. 30, 3; cf.:

et nova de gravido palmite gemma tumet,

Ov. F. 1, 152:

de qua pariens arbore nixa dea est,

leaning downwards against the tree, id. H. 21, 100.

In time.

Immediately following a given moment of time, after, directly after (very rare):

de concursu,

Lucr. 1, 384 (cf. Munro, ad loc.):

velim scire hodiene statim de auctione aut quo die venias,

Cic. Att. 12, 3:

non bonus somnus est de prandio,

Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 8:

de eorum verbis prosilui, etc.,

id. Trin. 1, 2, 178.—Hence, diem de die, from day to day, day after day, Liv. 5, 48:

cum is diem de die differret, dum, etc.,

id. 25, 25; cf.:

diem de die proferendo,

Just. 2, 15, 6: de die in diem, from day to day, daily (eccl. Lat.), Vulg. Psa. 60, 8; 2 Pet. 2, 8; Cypr. Ep. 3, 11.

De nocte, de vigilia, etc., to designate an act which begins or takes its origin from the night-time, Engl. during or in the course of the night, at night, by night, etc.: De. Rus cras cum filio Cum primo lucu ibo hinc. Mi. Imo de nocte censeo, to-night rather, Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 55: in comitium Milo de nocte venit, in the night (cf. shortly before, Milo media nocte in campum venit), Cic. Att. 4, 3, 4; cf. id. Mur. 33, 69:

vigilas tu de nocte,

id. ib. 9, 22; cf.:

de nocte evigilabat,

Suet. Vesp. 21:

ut jugulent homines, surgunt de nocte latrones,

at night, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 32;

and Hannibal surgere de nocte solitus, Frontin Strat. 4, 3, 7 et saep.: ut de nocte multa impigreque exsurrexi,

late in the night, Plaut. Rud. 4, 2, 10; so,

multa de nocte,

Cic. Sest. 35, 75; id. Att. 7, 4 fin. (for which multa nocte, id. Q. Fr. 2, 9); cf.

also: si de multa nocte (al. de nocte) vigilassent,

id. Att. 2, 15, 2:

Caesar mittit complures equitum turmas eo de media nocte,

Caes. B. G. 7, 45; 7, 88; so,

media de nocte,

at midnight, Suet. Calig. 26; Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 91:

Caesar de tertia vigilia e castris profectus,

in the third night-watch, Caes. B. G. 1, 12:

de tertia vigilia,

id. ib. 1, 21; Liv. 9, 44 Drak.; 40, 4 al.; cf.:

de quarta vigilia,

Caes. B. G. 1, 21, 3 al.; v. vigilia. —As in this manner de nocte became adverbially = nocte, so de die was sometimes used for die or per diem:

de die potare,

by day, in the daytime, Plaut. Asin. 4, 2, 16:

epulari de die,

Liv. 23, 8; Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 8; Catull. 47, 6; Suet. Calig. 37; id. Domit. 21; cf.:

bibulus media de luce Falerni,

Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 34;

and in a lusus verbb. with in diem,

Cic. Phil. 2, 34 fin. —Less freq., de mense:

navigare de mense Decembri,

in December, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 1 fin. —And once de tempore for tempore: ipse de tempore coenavit, Auct. B. Hisp. 33, 5.

In other relations, implying separation, departure from, etc.

To designate the whole, from which a part is taken, or of which a part is separately regarded, etc., from among, out of, from:

hominem certum misi de comitibus meis,

Cic. Att. 8, 1, 2:

gladio percussus ab uno de illis,

id. Mil. 24, 65:

si quis de nostris hominibus,

id. Flacc. 4:

quemvis de iis qui essent idonei,

id. Div. in Caecil. 4 fin.:

de tribus et decem fundis tres nobilissimi fundi,

id. Rosc. Am. 35, 99 et saep.:

accusator de plebe,

id. Brut. 34, 131:

pulsare minimum de plebe Quiritem,

Ov. Am. 1, 7, 29; cf. Liv. 7, 17:

malus poëta de populo,

Cic. Arch. 10, 25 et saep.:

partem solido demere de die,

Hor. Od. 1, 1, 20:

quantum de vita perdiderit,

Petr. 26:

praeteriine tuas de tot caelestibus aras,

Ov. Her. 21, 179; Juv. 1, 138. —

Sometimes de with abl. takes the place of the gen. partit. or gen. obj. In the best writers this occurs mainly

to avoid ambiguity where genitives would be multiplied:

ne expers partis esset de nostris bonis,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 1, 39:

ut aliquem partem de istius impudentia reticere possim,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 12, § 32;

for greater precision:

si quae sunt de eodem genere,

id. Tusc. 4, 7, 16:

persona de mimo,

id. Phil. 2, 27, 65;

in the poets, metri gratiā:

aliquid de more vetusto,

Ov. F. 6, 309; Grat. Cyneg. 17:

laudes de Caesare,

Ov. Pont. 4, 13, 23:

cetera de genere hoc,

Hor. Sat. 1, 1, 13; Lucr. 4, 746. This circumlocution was freq. [p. 514] in comic writers and in vulgar lang., and became more common in the declining periods of the lang., so that in the Romance tongues de, di, etc., with a case represent the earlier genitive (so, conscius, conscientia, meminisse, mentionem facere, recordari, etc., de aliqua re for alicujus rei, v. h. vv.).

To indicate the property from which the costs of any thing are taken:

obsonat, potat, olet unguenta de meo,

Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 37; so,

de tuo,

Plaut. Bac. 1, 1, 65:

de suo,

Cic. Att. 16, 16, A, 5; Suet. Caes. 19:

de nostro,

Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 11:

de vestro,

Liv. 6, 15, 10; cf.:

de vestris,

Ov. F. 3, 828:

de alieno,

Liv. 3, 1, 3; Just. 36, 3 fin.:

de publico,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 44; Liv. 1, 20; 2, 16; 4, 60. For de tuo, once de te:

de te largitor puer,

Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 17.—Also in a trop. sense:

ad tua praecepta de meo nihil his novum apposivi,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 31; cf. id. Men. 1. 2, 40; Cic. Fam. 4, 3; Plin. Ep. 4, 13, 8.— Poet., to denote that out of which, or by which, one pays a penalty or suffers punishment:

has vestro de sanguine poenas datis,

Luc. 4, 805; cf.:

cum de visceribus tuis satisfacturus sis quibus debes,

Cic. Q. Frat. 1, 3, 7.

To designate the material of which any thing is made, of, out of, from:

niveo factum de marmore signum,

Ov. M. 14, 313; cf. Verg. G. 3, 13:

verno de flore corona,

Tib. 2, 1, 59:

sucus de quinquefolio,

Plin. 26, 4, 11:

cinis de fico,

Pall. 1, 35, 3 et saep.:

de templo carcerem fleri,

Cic. Phil. 5, 7; cf. Flor. 2, 6, 32:

captivum de rege facturi,

Just. 7, 2, 11; cf.:

inque deum de bove versus erat,

Ov. F. 5, 616 et saep.:

fles de rhetore consul,

Juv. 7, 197.—Cf. trop. by means of:

de eodem oleo et opera exaravi nescio quid ad te,

Cic. Att. 13, 38.—Prov.:

de nihilo nihilum,

Pers. 3, 84; cf. Lucr. 1, 157 sq.

In mental operations, to indicate the subject-matter or theme on which any mental act (thinking, considering, advising, determining, etc.; discoursing, informing, exhorting, deciding, disputing, doubting, etc.) is founded; of, about, concerning, Gr. peri:

cogitare de aliqua re, etc. (the most common signification): multa narrare de Laelio,

Cic. Lael. 1, 1:

dubitare de re,

id. Fam. 3, 10, 15:

de suo adventu docere,

Suet. Caes. 9:

de moribus admonere,

Sall. Cat. 5, 9 et saep.—With this, too, is connected its use,

To indicate the producing cause or reason, for, on account of, because of:

nam id nisi gravi de causa non fecisset,

Cic. Att. 7, 7, 3; cf. id. de Or. 1, 41, 186; Cael ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 15; Cic. Att. 11, 3:

de quo nomine ad arbitrum adiisti, de eo ad judicium venisti,

id. Rosc. Com. 4, 12:

flebat uterque non de suo supplicio, sed pater de filii morte, de patris filius,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 30, § 76:

de labore pectus tundit,

with pain, Plaut. Casin. 2, 6, 63:

incessit passu de vulnere tardo,

Ov. M. 10, 49:

humus fervet de corpore,

id. ib. 7, 560:

facilius de odio creditur,

Tac. H. 1, 34:

quod erat de me feliciter Ilia mater,

through me, Ov. F. 3, 233 et saep.

To indicate the thing with reference to which any thing is done, with respect to, concerning:

de istac re in oculum utrumvis conquiescito,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 121: nil peccat de savio, Caec. ap. Gell. 2, 23, 11 (v. 161 Ribbeck):

credere de numero militum,

Cic. Att. 9, 1, 2:

de numero dierum fidem servare,

Caes. B. G. 6, 36; Sall. C. 50, 3:

de ceteris senatui curae fore,

id. Jug. 26, 1:

concessum ab nobilitate de consule plebeio,

Liv. 6, 42:

solem de virgine rapta consule,

Ov. F. 4, 581 et saep.—Ellipt.:

de argento somnium,

as for the money, Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 50 (for which id. Heaut. 4, 2, 4: quod de argento sperem, nihil est): Varr. R. R. 1, 59, 1:

de Dionysio sum admiratus,

Cic. Att. 9, 12; id. Off. 1, 15, 47:

de me autem suscipe paullisper meas partes,

id. Fam. 3, 12, 2; Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 36 et saep.:

de Samnitibus triumphare,

concerning, over, Cic. Sen. 16, 55; cf. Hor. 4, 2, 88:

de Atheniensibus victoria,

Curt. 8, 1, 33.

To indicate the thing in conformity with which any thing is done, according to, after:

secundum: DE SENATVOS SENTENTIAD, S. C. de Bac.: fecisse dicas de mea sententia,

Plaut. Bac. 4, 9, 115; cf.:

de suorum propinquorum sententia atque auctoritate fecisse dicatur,

Cic. Cael. 29: de consilii sententia Mamertinis se frumentum non imperare pronunciat, id. Verr. 2, 5, 21 al.:

de ejus consilio velle sese facere,

Ter. Ph. 3, 1, 17:

vix de mea voluntate concessum est,

Cic. Att. 4, 2, 4:

de exemplo meo ipse aedificato,

Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 86:

de more vetusto,

Verg. A. 11, 142; Ov. M. 7, 606:

de nomine,

id. ib. 1, 447:

patrioque vocat de nomine mensem,

id. F. 3, 77.

With adjectives to form adverbial expressions.

De integro, anew ( = ab integro, ex integro; cf.: iterum, rursus, denuo), indidemque eadem aeque oriuntur de integro, atque eodem occidunt, Pac. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 17 Müll. (v. 92 Ribb.):

ratio de integro ineunda est mihi,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 2, 7; Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 56; id. Att. 13, 27; id. Fam. 12, 30, 2 et saep. (The combination de novo appears only in the contracted form denuo, v. h. v.).—

De improviso, unexpectedly:

ubi de improviso interventum est mulieri,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 40; id. And. 2, 2, 23; id. Ad. 3, 3, 53; Caes. B. G. 2, 3; 5, 22; 5, 39 et saep.; Cic. Rosc. Am. 52, 151 et saep.—

De transverso, unexpectedly:

ecce autem de transverso L. Caesar ut veniam ad se rogat,

Cic. Att. 15, 4 fin.; Auct. Her. 4, 10, 14.

or pron. and its substantive; cf.

above multa de nocte, media de nocte, gravi de causa, etc.: qua de re,

Ter. Andr. 1, 2, 13; esp. in the judic. formula: qua de re agitur; cf. Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 6; Cic. Brut. 79 fin. Also freq. after a simple relative:

quo de,

Cic. Inv. 1, 28, 41; 54, 104; 2, 11, 37:

qua de,

id. ib. 2, 23, 70 et saep.

In composition the e becomes short before a vowel, as in dĕhisco, dĕhinc, dĕorsum, and coincides with it in the poets by synaeresis; cf.: dehinc, deinde, deinceps, deorsum; sometimes contraction takes place, as in debeo, debilis, dego, demo, from dehabeo, de-habilis, de-ago, de-emo.—

Signif.

Separation, departure, removal, taking away; off, away, down, out: decedo, demigro, demeto, depromo, descendo, devolvo, derivo, deflecto, etc.; and trop. dedico, denuntio; and in a downward direction, decido, decumbo, deprimo, demergo, delabor, defluo, demitto, desido, desideo, declivis, deculco, degredior, deicio, etc.—

Cessation, removal of the fundamental idea ( = un-, de-, dis-): dearmo, deartuo, decresco, dedisco, dedecoro, dedignor, dedoceo, denascor, denormo, desum, etc.; and hence direct negation, as in dedecet, deformis, demens, etc.—

With reference to the terminus of the action: defero, defigo, demitto, etc.; hence also trop., with reference to the extent of the action, to the uttermost, to exhaustion, through. out: debacchor, debello, dedolo, delino, delibuo, etc.: defatigo, delaboro, delasso, etc.; hence freq. a mere strengthening of the fundamental idea, = valde, thoroughly, much: demiror, demitigo, etc.—

Giving a bad sense to the verb: decipio, delinquo, deludo, derideo, detestor.—

Rarely, contraction from a broad into a narrow space, together: deligo, devincio. See also Hand Turs. II. p. 183-229.

confĕro, contŭli, collātum (conl-), conferre, v. a.

To bring, bear, or carry together, to collect, gather (freq. and class.).

In gen.:

ligna circa casam,

Nep. Alcib. 10, 4:

arma,

Vell. 2, 114, 4:

cibos ore suo (aves),

Quint. 2, 6, 7:

undique collatis membris,

Hor. A. P. 3 al.:

sarcinas in unum locum,

Caes. B. G. 1, 24; cf. id. ib. 2, 25:

collatis militaribus signis,

id. ib. 7, 2:

ut premerer sacrā Lauroque collatāque myrto,

Hor. C. 3, 4, 19:

quo (sc. in proximum horreum) omne rusticum instrumentum,

Col. 1, 6, 7:

illuc (sc. in castella) parentes et conjuges,

Tac. A. 4, 46 fin.:

dentes in corpore (canes),

Ov. M. 3, 236:

materiam omnem, antequam dicere ordiamur,

Quint. 3, 9, 8:

summas (scriptorum) in commentarium et capita,

id. 10, 7, 32:

plura opera in unam tabulam,

id. 8, 5, 26:

quae in proximos quinque libros conlata sunt,

id. 8, prooem. 1: res Romanas Graeco peregrinoque sermone in historiam, Just. pr. 1; cf. Suet. Caes. 44; cf. I. B. 5. infra.; Quint. 4, 1, 23:

rogus inimicis collatus manibus,

Petr. 115 fin. —

In partic.

To collect money, treasures, etc., for any object, to bring offerings, contribute:

dona mihi,

Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 20:

contulit aes populus,

Ov. F. 4, 351;

so freq. on monuments: AERE CONLATO,

Inscr. Orell. 3648; 74; Suet. Aug. 59:

EX AERE CONLATO,

Inscr. Orell. 3991:

aurum argentumque in publicum,

Liv. 28, 36, 3:

munera ei,

Nep. Ages. 7, 3:

tributa quotannis ex censu,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 53, § 131:

conferre eo minus tributi,

Liv. 5, 20, 5:

in commune,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 59, § 145; id. Quint. 3, 12:

quadringena talenta quotannis Delum,

Nep. Arist. 3, 1:

(pecunia) ad ejus honores conlata,

Cic. Fl. 25, 59:

ad honorem tuum pecunias maximas contulisse,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 65, § 157:

sextantes in capita,

Liv. 2, 33, 11:

pecunias,

Suet. Caes. 19; id. Aug. 57; 30; Just. 3, 6:

vinum alius, alius mel,

Dig. 41, 1, 7; 47, 7, 3 pr.:

sua bona in medium,

ib. 37, 6, 1 pr.:

magnam partem patrimonii alicui rei,

ib. 50, 4, 5:

cum et Socrati collatum sit ad victum,

Quint. 12, 7, 9.— Absol.:

nos dabimus, nos conferemus, nostro sumptu, non tuo,

Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 39.—Hence,

Trop., like the Gr. sumpherô (v. Lidd. and Scott in h. v. 5.), to be useful, profitable, to profit, serve, be of use to ( = prosum; cf. also conduco, II.; post-Aug., and only in the third person; most freq. in Quint.); constr. with ad, in, the dat., inf., or absol.

With ad:

naturane plus ad eloquentiam conferat an doctrina,

Quint. 2, 19, 1; so id. 1, 8, 7; 2, 5, 1; 3, 6, 7 al.; Cels. 6, 6, 1; Col. 12, prooem. § 6; Suet. Tib. 4.—

With in:

rursus in alia plus prior (exercitatio) confert,

Quint. 10, 7, 26.—

With dat.:

Gracchorum eloquentiae multum contulisse matrem,

Quint. 1, 1, 6; so id. prooem. § 6; 2, 9, 2; 3, 7, 12 al.; Plin. 20, 6, 23, § 54; 20, 23, 98, § 261; 29, 1, 6, § 13; Suet. Vesp. 6.—

With subj. inf.:

incipiente incremento confert alterna folia circum obruere,

Plin. 19, 5, 26, § 83.—

Absol.:

multum veteres etiam Latini conferunt, imprimis copiam verborum,

Quint. 1, 8, 8; 2, 5, 16; 4, 2, 123 al.; cf. Sillig ad Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 67.—

To bring into connection, to unite, join, connect:

membris collatis, of an embrace,

Lucr. 4, 1101; cf.

ora,

App. M. 5, p. 161, 17:

fontes e quibus collatae aquae flumen emittunt,

Curt. 7, 11, 3: capita, to lay heads together (in conferring, deliberating, etc.), Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 12, § 31; Liv. 2, 45, 7: pedem, to go or come with one, Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 41; so,

gradum ( = congredi),

id. Men. 3, 3, 30; id. Ps. 2, 4, 17; Verg. A. 6, 488.—Of chemical union:

dissimiles et dispares res in unam potestatem,

Vitr. 2, 6, 4.—

Trop.:

collatis viribus,

Plin. Ep. 8, 14, 17; cf.:

conferre vires in unum,

Liv. 33, 19, 7:

collata omnium vota in unius salutem,

Plin. Pan. 23, 5:

e singulis frustis collata oratio,

Quint. 8, 5, 27; cf. id. 2, 9, 3:

velut studia inter nos conferebamus,

id. 4, prooem. § 1.— So esp. of conferences, consultations, etc., to consult together, confer, consider or talk over together:

si quid res feret, coram inter nos conferemus,

Cic. Att. 1, 20, 1:

sollicitudines nostras inter nos,

id. Fam. 6, 21, 2:

rationes,

id. Att 5, 21, 12: familiares sermones cum aliquo, to unite in familiar conversation with, id. Off. 2, 11, 39:

cum hoc in viā sermonem contulit,

id. Inv. 2, 4, 14; cf.:

cum aliquo aut sermones aut consilia,

id. Phil. 2, 15, 38:

consilia ad adulescentes,

Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 64; cf.:

consilia dispersim antea habita,

Suet. Caes. 80:

injurias,

to deliberate together concerning, Tac. Agr. 15; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 15, 2.— Absol.:

omnes sapientes decet conferre et fabulari,

Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 8.—With a rel.clause:

fusi contulerimus inter nos... quid finis,

Cic. Fin. 2, 2, 4:

ibi conferentibus, quid animorum Hispanis esset,

Liv. 27, 20, 4.—

To bring or join together in a hostile manner, to set together (most freq. in milit. lang.):

(Galli) cum Fontejo ferrum ac manus contulerunt,

Cic. Font. 5, 12 (1, 2):

signa cum Alexandrinis,

id. Pis. 21, 49; cf.:

collatis signis depugnare,

Plaut. Cas. 2, 5, 44; Cic. Imp. Pomp. 23, 66:

arma cum aliquo,

Nep. Eum. 11, 5; 3, 6; cf.:

arma inter se,

Liv. 21, 1, 2:

castra cum hoste,

id. 26, 12, 14; cf.:

castra castris,

id. 23, 28, 9; 8, 23, 9; Cic. Div. 2, 55, 114; Caes. B. C. 3, 79:

pedem cum pede,

to fight foot to foot, Liv. 28, 2, 6; cf.:

pede conlato,

id. 6, 12, 10; 10, 29, 6; 26, 39, 12 al.:

gradum cum aliquo,

id. 7, 33, 11:

pectora luctantia nexu pectoribus,

Ov. M. 6, 242:

stat conferre manum Aeneae,

Verg. A. 12, 678:

prima movet Cacus collatā proelia dextrā,

Ov. F. 1, 569:

collatis cursibus hastas conicere,

Val. Fl. 6, 270:

seque viro vir contulit,

Verg. A. 10, 735.— Poet.:

inter sese duri certamina belli,

Verg. A. 10, 147:

contra conferre manu certamina pugnae,

Lucr. 4, 843:

collato Marte,

Ov. M. 12, 379.— Absol.:

mecum confer, ait,

fight with me, Ov. M. 10, 603.—

Transf. from milit. affairs to lawsuits: pedem, to encounter, come in contact with one, to attack:

non possum magis pedem conferre, ut aiunt, aut propius accedere?

Cic. Planc. 19, 48:

pedem cum singulis,

Quint. 5, 13, 11; cf. id. 8, 6, 51; cf.:

qui illi concedi putem utilius esse quod postulat quam signa conferri,

Cic. Att. 7, 5, 5.— Poet.:

lites,

to contend, quarrel, Hor. S. 1, 5, 54.—

To bring together for comparison, to compare; constr. with cum, inter se, ad, the dat., or acc. only.

With cum:

quem cum eo (sc. Democrito) conferre possumus non modo ingenii magnitudine sed etiam animi?

Cic. Ac. 2, 23, 73; so id. Verr. 2, 4, 52, § 115:

ut non conferam vitam neque existimationem tuam cum illius,

id. ib. 2, 4, 20, § 45; id. Sull. 26, 72:

cum maximis minima,

id. Opt. Gen. Or. 6, 17; Quint. 5, 13, 12; 8, 4, 2 al.:

nostras leges cum illorum Lycurgo et Dracone et Solone,

Cic. de Or. 1, 44, 197; cf.:

illa cum Graeciā,

id. Tusc. 1, 1, 2; v. also d. —

With inter se (rare):

vitam inter se utriusque conferte,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 7, 20.—

With ad:

bos ad bovem collatus,

Varr. L. L. 9, § 28 Müll.—

With dat.:

tempora praesentia praeteritis,

Lucr. 2, 1166:

parva magnis,

Cic. Or. 4, 14:

alicui illud,

id. Inv. 2, 50, 151:

lanam tinctam Tyriae lacernae,

Quint. 12, 10, 75:

ingenia ingeniis,

Sen. Contr. 5, 33:

illam puellis,

Prop. 1, 5, 7; 1, 4, 9:

nil jucundo amico,

Hor. S. 1, 5, 44:

(Pausanias et Lysander) ne minimā quidem ex parte Lycurgi legibus et disciplinae conferendi sunt,

Cic. Off. 1, 22, 76; cf. supra, a.—

With acc. only:

tesseram hospitalem,

Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 88:

conferte Verrem: non ut hominem cum homine comparetis, etc.,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 54, § 121:

exemplum,

Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 85; Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 14; Ov. M. 7, 696:

nec cum quaereretur gener Tarquinio, quisquam Romanae juventutis ullā arte conferri potuit,

Liv. 1, 39, 4; Suet. Caes. 47:

census,

Plin. 7, 48, 49, § 159.—Of documents:

haec omnia summā curā et diligentiā recognita et conlata sunt,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 77, § 190.—

With the idea of shortening by bringing together (cf. colligo), to compress, abridge, condense, make or be brief:

quam potero in verba conferam paucissima,

Plaut. Men. prol. 6; cf.:

in pauca, ut occupatus nunc sum, confer, quid velis,

id. Ps. 1, 3, 44:

rem in pauca,

id. Poen. 5, 4, 68; and:

in pauca verba,

id. As. 1, 1, 75; id: Pers. 4, 4, 109:

totam Academiam... ex duobus libris contuli in quattuor,

Cic. Att. 13, 13, 1:

ut in pauca conferam,

id. Caecin. 6, 17:

sua verba in duos versus,

Ov. F. 1, 162:

ex immensā diffusāque legum copiā optima quaeque et necessaria in paucissimos libros,

Suet. Caes. 44.— [p. 412] *

To join in bringing forward, to propose unitedly (as a law; cf.

fero, II. B. 8. b.): cur enim non confertis, ne sit conubium divitibus et pauperibus,

Liv. 4, 4, 9 Weissenb. ad loc.

(Con intens.) To bear, carry, convey, direct a thing somewhere (in haste, for protection, etc.); and conferre se, to betake or turn one's self anywhere, to go (very freq. and class.).

Prop.

In gen.

With the designation of the goal: quo me miser conferam? Gracch. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 56, 214:

qui cum se suaque omnia in oppidum Bratuspantium contulissent,

Caes. B. G. 2, 13:

se suaque eo,

id. ib. 3, 28:

se suaque in naves,

Nep. Them. 2, 7 al.:

iter Brundisium versus,

Cic. Att. 3, 4 med.; cf.: iter eo, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 13, 4:

suas rationes et copias in illam provinciam,

id. Imp. Pomp. 7, 17: legiones in mediam aciem, Auct. B. Alex. 39;

Auct. B. Afr. 60: quos eodem audita Cannensis clades contulerat,

Liv. 23, 17, 8:

parentes illuc,

Tac. A. 4, 46:

se Rhodum conferre,

Cic. de Or. 3, 56, 213: se Laodiceam, Lent. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 14, 4:

se Colonas,

Nep. Paus. 3, 3:

quo se fusa acies,

Liv. 9, 16, 1 al.:

se ad Tissaphernem,

Nep. Alcib. 5, 2; so,

se ad Pharnabazum,

id. Con. 2, 1:

se in fugam,

Cic. Caecin. 8, 22: sese in pedes, Enn. ap. Non. p. 518, 20; Plaut. Bacch. 3, 1, 7 (cf.:

conicere se in pedes,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 13).—Of things:

pituita eo se umorve confert,

Cels. 2, 12.—

Absol.:

pulcre haec confertur ratis,

is borne away, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 6, 27.—

Esp., in Ov. M. (cf. abeo, II.): aliquem in aliquid, to change into, transform to something:

aliquem in saxum,

Ov. M. 4, 278: versos vultus ( poet. circumlocution for se) in hanc, id. ib. 9, 348:

corpus in albam volucrem,

id. ib. 12, 145.—

Trop.

In gen., to bring, turn, direct something to; and conferre se, to turn, apply, devote one's self to, etc.:

quo mortuo me ad pontificem Scaevolam contuli,

Cic. Lael. 1, 1:

(Crassus) cum initio aetatis ad amicitiam se meam contulisset,

id. Brut. 81, 281; id. Fam. 11, 29, 2:

qui se ad senatūs auctoritatem, ad libertatem vestram contulerunt,

id. Phil. 4, 2, 5; id. Ac. 1, 9, 34:

se ad studium scribendi,

id. Arch. 3, 4:

se ad studia litterarum,

id. ib. 7, 16; cf. Suet. Gram. 24:

meus pater eam seditionem in tranquillum conferet (the figure taken from the sea when in commotion),

Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 16: verba ad rem, to bring words to actions, i. e. to pass from words to deeds, Ter. Eun. 4, 6, 4; id. Hec. 3, 1, 17:

suspitionem in Capitonem,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 35, 100:

ut spes votaque sua non prius ad deos quam ad principum aures conferret,

Tac. A. 4, 39:

lamentationes suas etiam in testamentum,

id. ib. 15, 68.—More freq., in partic.,

With the access. idea of application or communication, to devote or apply something to a certain purpose, to employ, direct, confer, bestow upon, give, lend, grant, to transfer to (a favorite word with Cic.).

With dat.:

dona quid cessant mihi Conferre?

Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 20:

tibi munera,

Prop. 2, 3, 25; Nep. Ages. 7, 3:

victoribus praemia,

Suet. Calig. 20:

puellae quinquaginta milia nummūm,

Plin. Ep. 6, 32, 2:

fructum alio,

Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 60; Dig. 37, 6, 1, § 24.—

With ad and acc.:

hostiles exuvias ornatum ad urbis et posterum gloriam,

Tac. A. 3, 72:

Mithridates omne reliquum tempus non ad oblivionem veteris belli, sed ad comparationem novi contulit,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 9:

omne studium atque omne ingenium ad populi Romani gloriam laudemque celebrandam,

id. Arch. 9, 19; id. Fam. 10, 1, 3:

omnem meam curam atque operam ad philosophiam,

id. ib. 4, 3, 4:

omnem tuum amorem omnemque tuam prudentiam... confer ad eam curam,

id. Att. 7, 1, 2:

animum ad fodiendos puteos, Auct. B. Alex. 9: ad naturae suae non vitiosae genus consilium vivendi omne,

Cic. Off. 1, 33, 120:

orationem omnem ad misericordiam,

id. Lig. 1, 1.—

With in:

omnes curas cogitationesque in rem publicam,

Cic. Off. 2, 1, 2:

diligentiam in valetudinem tuam,

id. Fam. 16, 4, 4:

praedas ac manubias suas non in monumenta deorum immortalium, neque in urbis ornamenta conferre, sed, etc.,

id. Agr. 2, 23, 60:

in eos, quos speramus nobis profuturos, non dubitamus officia conferre,

id. Off. 1, 15, 48; so,

plurimum benignitatis in eum,

id. ib. 1, 16, 50; id. Lael. 19, 70: curam restituendi Capitolii in L. Vestinum confert, i. e. assigns to, charges with, Tac. H. 4, 53:

in unius salutem collata omnium vota,

Plin. Pan. 23, 5.—

With erga:

commemoratio benevolentiae ejus, quam erga me a pueritiā contulisses,

Cic. Fam. 10, 5, 1.—

With aliquid ad or in aliquem or aliquid, to refer or ascribe something to a person or thing as its possessor, author (in a good, and freq. in a bad sense), to attribute, impute, assign, ascribe to one, to lay to the charge of:

species istas hominum in deos,

Cic. N. D. 1, 27, 77:

res ad imperium deorum,

Lucr. 6, 54:

permulta in Plancium, quae ab eo numquam dicta sunt, conferuntur... Stomachor vero, cum aliorum non me digna in me conferuntur,

Cic. Planc. 14, 35; id. Fam. 5, 5, 2:

mortis illius invidiam in L. Flaccum,

id. Fl. 17, 41:

suum timorem in rei frumentariae simulationem angustiasque itinerum,

Caes. B. G. 1, 40:

sua vitia et suam culpam in senectutem,

Cic. Sen. 5, 14:

hanc ego de re publicā disputationem in Africani personam et Phili contuli,

id. Att. 4, 16, 2.—So esp.:

culpam in aliquem,

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 156; Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 97; Cic. Att. 9, 2, a, 1:

causam in aliquem,

id. ib. 12, 31, 1; Liv. 5, 11, 6; cf.:

causam in tempus,

Cic. de Or. 3, 61, 228.—

To transfer to a fixed point of time, fix, assign, refer, appoint, put off, defer, postpone (cf. differo):

Carthaginis expugnationem in hunc annum,

Liv. 27, 7, 5: in posterum diem iter suum contulit, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 13, 3:

omnia in mensem Martium,

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 24:

aliquid in ambulationis tempus,

id. Q. Fr. 3, 3, 1:

eam pecuniam in rei publicae magnum aliquod tempus,

id. Off. 3, 24, 93:

quod in longiorem diem conlaturus fuisset,

Caes. B. G. 1, 40 fin.:

alicujus consulatum in annum aliquem,

Plin. Pan. 61.—Rarely of place:

idoneum locum in agris nactus... ibi adventum expectare Pompei eoque omnem belli rationem conferre constituit,

Caes. B. C. 3, 81 fin. —

To bring on, cause, occasion, induce:

pestem alicui,

Col. 1, 5, 4:

candorem mollitiamque,

Plin. 35, 15, 50, § 175.

at-tingo (not adt-), tĭgi, tactum, 3, v. a. [tango] (ante-class. form attĭgo, ĕre, v. infra; attinge = attingam, acc. to Paul. ex Fest. p. 26 Müll.; v. Müll. ad h. l.; concerning attigo, āre, v. fin.), to touch, come in contact with; constr. with the acc.; poet. with ad.

Lit.

In gen.: mento summam aquam, vet. poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 5, 10: vestem, Att. ap. Non. p. 75, 32:

Egone Argivum imperium attingam,

id. Trag. Rel. p. 166 Rib.:

suaviter (omnia) attingunt,

Lucr. 4, 623:

nec enim ullum hoc frigidius flumen attigi,

Cic. Leg. 2, 3, 6:

prius quam aries murum attigisset,

Caes. B. G. 2, 32:

pedibus terram,

Nep. Eum. 5, 5:

quisquis (vas) attigerit,

Vulg. Lev. 15, 23:

nos nihil tuorum attigimus,

id. Gen. 26, 29:

(medicus) pulsum venarum attigit,

Tac. A. 6, 50:

se esse possessorem soli, quod primum Divus Augustus nascens attigisset,

Suet. Aug. 5 (cf. Ov. Tr. 4, 3, 46: Tactaque nascenti corpus haberet humus, acc. to the practice of laying new-born children upon the ground; v. tollo).— Poet.: (Callisto) miles erat Phoebes, nec Maenalon attigit ( nor did there touch, set foot on) ulla Gratior hac Triviae, Ov. M. 2, 415:

usque ad caelum attingebat stans in terrā,

Vulg. Sap. 18, 16.—

With partic. access. ideas.

To touch by striking, to strike; rarely in a hostile manner, to attack, assault:

ne me attingas,

Plaut. As. 2, 2, 106;

ne attigas me,

id. Truc. 2, 2, 21:

ne attigas puerum istac caussā,

id. Bacch. 3, 3, 41 (quoted by Non. p. 75, 33):

Si tu illam attigeris secus quam dignumst liberam,

Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 91.—Of lightning: ICTV. FVLMINIS. ARBORES. ATTACTAE. ARDVERINT., Fragm. Fratr. Arval. Inscr. Orell. 961; cf.

Fest. s. v. scribonianum, p. 333 Müll., and s. v. obstitum, p. 193: si Vestinus attingeretur, i. e. ei bellum indiceretur,

Liv. 8, 29; so Suet. Ner. 38.—

In mal. part., aliquam, to touch:

virginem,

Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 61; Cat. 67, 20.—

To touch in eating, to taste, crop:

nulla neque amnem Libavit quadrupes, nec graminis attigit herbam,

Verg. E. 5, 26.—

Of local relations, to come to a place, to approach, reach, arrive at (class.;

esp. freq. in the histt.): aedīs ne attigatis,

Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 37:

ut primum Asiam attigisti,

Cic. ad Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8:

cum primis navibus Britanniam attigit,

Caes. B. G. 4, 23:

Siciliam,

Nep. Dion, 5, 3:

Syriam ac legiones,

Tac. A. 2, 55:

saltuosos locos,

id. ib. 4, 45:

Urbem,

id. Or. 7 fin.:

In paucis diebus quam Capreus attigit etc.,

Suet. Tib. 60; id. Calig. 44; id. Vesp. 4 al.—

Transf., to touch, lie near, border upon, be contiguous to:

Theseus... Attigit injusti regis Gortynia tecta,

Cat. 64, 75:

Cappadociae regio, quae Ciliciam attingeret,

Cic. Fam. 15, 4, 4; id. Pis. 16 fin.:

(stomachus) utrāque ex parte tonsillas attingens, etc.,

id. N. D. 2, 54, 135:

eorum fines Nervii attingebant,

Caes. B. G. 2, 15:

ITEM. COLLEGIA. QVAE. ATTINGVNT. EIDEM. FORO,

Inscr. Orell. 3314:

attingere parietem,

Vulg. Ezech. 41, 6.—

Trop.

In gen., to touch, affect, reach:

nec desiderium nos attigit,

Lucr. 3, 922 ( adficit, Lachm.):

ante quam voluptas aut dolor attigerit,

Cic. Fin. 3, 5, 16:

nimirum me alia quoque causa delectat, quae te non attingit,

id. Leg. 2, 1, 3:

quo studio providit, ne qua me illius temporis invidia attingeret,

id. Fam. 3, 10, 10:

si qua de Pompeio nostro tuendo... cura te attingit,

id. Att. 9, 11, A:

erant perpauci, quos ea infamia attingeret, Liv 27, 11, 6: cupidus attingere gaudia,

to feel, Prop. 1, 19, 9:

vox, sonus, attigit aures,

Val. Fl. 2, 452; Claud. B. Get: 412; Manil. 1, 326.—

Esp.

To touch upon in speaking, etc., to mention slightly:

paucis rem,

Plaut. Truc. 4, 4, 11:

summatim attingere,

Lucr. 3, 261:

ut meos quoque attingam,

Cat. 39, 13:

quod perquam breviter perstrinxi atque attigi,

Cic. de Or. 2, 49, 201; id. Fam. 2, 4 fin.:

si tantummodo summas attigero,

Nep. Pelop. 1, 1:

invitus ea, tamquam vulnera, attingo, sed nisi tacta tractataque sanari non possunt,

Liv. 28, 27:

ut seditionem attigit,

Tac. A. 1, 35:

familiae (Galbae) breviter attingam,

Suet. Galb. 3 al. —

To touch, i. e. to undertake, enter upon some course of action (esp. mental), to apply one's self to, be occupied with, engage in, to take in hand, manage:

quae isti rhetores ne primoribus quidem labris attigissent,

Cic. de Or. 1, 19, 87; cf. id. Cael. 12; id. Arch. 8:

egomet, qui sero ac leviter Graecas litteras attigissem,

id. de Or. 1, 18, 82:

orationes,

id. Or. 13, 41:

poëticen,

Nep. Att. 18, 5; so Suet. Aug. 85:

liberales disciplinas omnes,

id. Ner. 52:

studia,

id. Gram. 9:

ut primum forum attigi, i. e. accessi, adii,

applied myself to public affairs, Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 3:

arma,

Liv. 3, 19:

militiam resque bellicas,

Suet. Calig. 43:

curam rei publicae,

id. Tib. 13:

ad Venerem seram,

Ov. A. A. 2, 701.—

(Acc. to I. B. 4.) To arrive somewhere:

quod ab illo attigisset nuntius,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 19 (cf. id. ib. 3, 5, 3: si a me tetigit nuntius).—

(Acc. to I. B. 5.) To come near to in quality, to be similar; or to belong to, appertain to, to concern, relate to:

quae nihil attingunt ad rem nec sunt usui,

Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 32:

haec quemque attigit,

id. ib. 1, 1, 20:

attingit animi naturam corporis similitudo,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 13, 30; id. Fam. 13, 7, 4; id. ad Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1:

quae non magis legis nomen attingunt, quam si latrones aliqua sanxerint,

id. Leg. 2, 5:

Segestana, Centuripina civitas, quae cum officiis, fide, vetustate, tum etiam cognatione populi Romani nomen attingunt,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 32:

(labor) non attingit deum,

id. N. D. 1, 9, 22:

primus ille (locus), qui in veri cognitione consistit, maxime naturam attingit humanam,

id. Off. 1, 6, 18; id. Tusc. 5, 33, 93; id. Fin. 5, 9.—

Si quid eam humanitus attigisset (for the usu. euphemism, accidisset), if any misfortune had happened to her, App. Mag. p. 337.

ap. Non. p. 75, 30 dub. (Rib. here reads attigas, Com. Rel. p. 98): custodite istunc, ne attigat, Pac., Trag. Rel. p. 105 Rib.

at-tingo (not adt-), tĭgi, tactum, 3, v. a. [tango] (ante-class. form attĭgo, ĕre, v. infra; attinge = attingam, acc. to Paul. ex Fest. p. 26 Müll.; v. Müll. ad h. l.; concerning attigo, āre, v. fin.), to touch, come in contact with; constr. with the acc.; poet. with ad.

Lit.

In gen.: mento summam aquam, vet. poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 5, 10: vestem, Att. ap. Non. p. 75, 32:

Egone Argivum imperium attingam,

id. Trag. Rel. p. 166 Rib.:

suaviter (omnia) attingunt,

Lucr. 4, 623:

nec enim ullum hoc frigidius flumen attigi,

Cic. Leg. 2, 3, 6:

prius quam aries murum attigisset,

Caes. B. G. 2, 32:

pedibus terram,

Nep. Eum. 5, 5:

quisquis (vas) attigerit,

Vulg. Lev. 15, 23:

nos nihil tuorum attigimus,

id. Gen. 26, 29:

(medicus) pulsum venarum attigit,

Tac. A. 6, 50:

se esse possessorem soli, quod primum Divus Augustus nascens attigisset,

Suet. Aug. 5 (cf. Ov. Tr. 4, 3, 46: Tactaque nascenti corpus haberet humus, acc. to the practice of laying new-born children upon the ground; v. tollo).— Poet.: (Callisto) miles erat Phoebes, nec Maenalon attigit ( nor did there touch, set foot on) ulla Gratior hac Triviae, Ov. M. 2, 415:

usque ad caelum attingebat stans in terrā,

Vulg. Sap. 18, 16.—

With partic. access. ideas.

To touch by striking, to strike; rarely in a hostile manner, to attack, assault:

ne me attingas,

Plaut. As. 2, 2, 106;

ne attigas me,

id. Truc. 2, 2, 21:

ne attigas puerum istac caussā,

id. Bacch. 3, 3, 41 (quoted by Non. p. 75, 33):

Si tu illam attigeris secus quam dignumst liberam,

Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 91.—Of lightning: ICTV. FVLMINIS. ARBORES. ATTACTAE. ARDVERINT., Fragm. Fratr. Arval. Inscr. Orell. 961; cf.

Fest. s. v. scribonianum, p. 333 Müll., and s. v. obstitum, p. 193: si Vestinus attingeretur, i. e. ei bellum indiceretur,

Liv. 8, 29; so Suet. Ner. 38.—

In mal. part., aliquam, to touch:

virginem,

Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 61; Cat. 67, 20.—

To touch in eating, to taste, crop:

nulla neque amnem Libavit quadrupes, nec graminis attigit herbam,

Verg. E. 5, 26.—

Of local relations, to come to a place, to approach, reach, arrive at (class.;

esp. freq. in the histt.): aedīs ne attigatis,

Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 37:

ut primum Asiam attigisti,

Cic. ad Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8:

cum primis navibus Britanniam attigit,

Caes. B. G. 4, 23:

Siciliam,

Nep. Dion, 5, 3:

Syriam ac legiones,

Tac. A. 2, 55:

saltuosos locos,

id. ib. 4, 45:

Urbem,

id. Or. 7 fin.:

In paucis diebus quam Capreus attigit etc.,

Suet. Tib. 60; id. Calig. 44; id. Vesp. 4 al.—

Transf., to touch, lie near, border upon, be contiguous to:

Theseus... Attigit injusti regis Gortynia tecta,

Cat. 64, 75:

Cappadociae regio, quae Ciliciam attingeret,

Cic. Fam. 15, 4, 4; id. Pis. 16 fin.:

(stomachus) utrāque ex parte tonsillas attingens, etc.,

id. N. D. 2, 54, 135:

eorum fines Nervii attingebant,

Caes. B. G. 2, 15:

ITEM. COLLEGIA. QVAE. ATTINGVNT. EIDEM. FORO,

Inscr. Orell. 3314:

attingere parietem,

Vulg. Ezech. 41, 6.—

Trop.

In gen., to touch, affect, reach:

nec desiderium nos attigit,

Lucr. 3, 922 ( adficit, Lachm.):

ante quam voluptas aut dolor attigerit,

Cic. Fin. 3, 5, 16:

nimirum me alia quoque causa delectat, quae te non attingit,

id. Leg. 2, 1, 3:

quo studio providit, ne qua me illius temporis invidia attingeret,

id. Fam. 3, 10, 10:

si qua de Pompeio nostro tuendo... cura te attingit,

id. Att. 9, 11, A:

erant perpauci, quos ea infamia attingeret, Liv 27, 11, 6: cupidus attingere gaudia,

to feel, Prop. 1, 19, 9:

vox, sonus, attigit aures,

Val. Fl. 2, 452; Claud. B. Get: 412; Manil. 1, 326.—

Esp.

To touch upon in speaking, etc., to mention slightly:

paucis rem,

Plaut. Truc. 4, 4, 11:

summatim attingere,

Lucr. 3, 261:

ut meos quoque attingam,

Cat. 39, 13:

quod perquam breviter perstrinxi atque attigi,

Cic. de Or. 2, 49, 201; id. Fam. 2, 4 fin.:

si tantummodo summas attigero,

Nep. Pelop. 1, 1:

invitus ea, tamquam vulnera, attingo, sed nisi tacta tractataque sanari non possunt,

Liv. 28, 27:

ut seditionem attigit,

Tac. A. 1, 35:

familiae (Galbae) breviter attingam,

Suet. Galb. 3 al. —

To touch, i. e. to undertake, enter upon some course of action (esp. mental), to apply one's self to, be occupied with, engage in, to take in hand, manage:

quae isti rhetores ne primoribus quidem labris attigissent,

Cic. de Or. 1, 19, 87; cf. id. Cael. 12; id. Arch. 8:

egomet, qui sero ac leviter Graecas litteras attigissem,

id. de Or. 1, 18, 82:

orationes,

id. Or. 13, 41:

poëticen,

Nep. Att. 18, 5; so Suet. Aug. 85:

liberales disciplinas omnes,

id. Ner. 52:

studia,

id. Gram. 9:

ut primum forum attigi, i. e. accessi, adii,

applied myself to public affairs, Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 3:

arma,

Liv. 3, 19:

militiam resque bellicas,

Suet. Calig. 43:

curam rei publicae,

id. Tib. 13:

ad Venerem seram,

Ov. A. A. 2, 701.—

(Acc. to I. B. 4.) To arrive somewhere:

quod ab illo attigisset nuntius,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 19 (cf. id. ib. 3, 5, 3: si a me tetigit nuntius).—

(Acc. to I. B. 5.) To come near to in quality, to be similar; or to belong to, appertain to, to concern, relate to:

quae nihil attingunt ad rem nec sunt usui,

Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 32:

haec quemque attigit,

id. ib. 1, 1, 20:

attingit animi naturam corporis similitudo,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 13, 30; id. Fam. 13, 7, 4; id. ad Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1:

quae non magis legis nomen attingunt, quam si latrones aliqua sanxerint,

id. Leg. 2, 5:

Segestana, Centuripina civitas, quae cum officiis, fide, vetustate, tum etiam cognatione populi Romani nomen attingunt,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 32:

(labor) non attingit deum,

id. N. D. 1, 9, 22:

primus ille (locus), qui in veri cognitione consistit, maxime naturam attingit humanam,

id. Off. 1, 6, 18; id. Tusc. 5, 33, 93; id. Fin. 5, 9.—

Si quid eam humanitus attigisset (for the usu. euphemism, accidisset), if any misfortune had happened to her, App. Mag. p. 337.

ap. Non. p. 75, 30 dub. (Rib. here reads attigas, Com. Rel. p. 98): custodite istunc, ne attigat, Pac., Trag. Rel. p. 105 Rib.